The urgent requirement of realizing high-level science and technology self-reliance and self-improvement

　　Qiushi magazine editorial department

　　"Chang ‘e" went to the moon, "Zhu Rong" explored the fire and "xi he" day by day, "Struggler" dived 10,000 meters deep and "Fuxing" galloped across China, achieving major breakthroughs in frontier directions such as quantum information, stem cells and brain science … …

　　Self-reliance in science and technology is the foundation of national prosperity and the key to security. In the 10 years of the new era, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core adhered to the core position of innovation in the overall situation of China’s modernization drive, took self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology as the strategic support for national development, led China’s science and technology undertakings to make intensive efforts and accelerate the leap forward, and major scientific and technological innovation achievements emerged one after another, making solid progress in self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology, achieving historic, holistic and pattern changes and making historic achievements.

　　"Strengthening basic research is an urgent requirement to achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and the only way to build a world-class scientific and technological power." Basic research is the source of the whole scientific system and the general organ of all technical problems. It has a vital position in innovation chain and plays a decisive role in promoting the breakthrough of cutting-edge technology and promoting the close combination of science and technology with economy. Practice has proved that basic research is the key to how high and how far scientific and technological innovation can "jump" and "run" The deeper the roots of basic research are, the more flourishing the tree of scientific and technological innovation will be.

　　At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation has developed in depth, the interdisciplinary integration has been continuously promoted, the paradigm of scientific research has undergone profound changes, the infiltration and integration of science and technology and economic and social development has accelerated, the transformation cycle of basic research has been significantly shortened, and international scientific and technological competition has moved forward to the basic frontier. It is urgent to strengthen basic research and solve key technical problems from the source and bottom to cope with international scientific and technological competition, realize high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, promote the construction of a new development pattern and achieve high-quality development. Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized the need to strengthen basic research, highlight originality, encourage free exploration and make strategic arrangements.

　　On February 21st, 2023, the 20th the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held the third collective study on strengthening basic research. "The purpose is to analyze the current situation and challenges of basic research in China, understand the main practices of strengthening basic research abroad, and explore the measures to accelerate the development of basic research in China". The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the study and delivered an important speech, deeply analyzed the competitive situation of international scientific and technological innovation and the development situation at home and abroad, and profoundly expounded the great significance of strengthening basic research, from "strengthening the forward-looking, strategic and systematic layout of basic research", "deepening the reform of basic research system and mechanism", "building a high-level supporting platform for basic research", "strengthening the construction of basic research talent team", "extensively carrying out international cooperation in basic research" and "shaping an innovative ecology conducive to basic research" We should combine in-depth study and implementation of the spirit of the important article "Strengthening basic research to achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance" by General Secretary of the Supreme Leader with study and implementation of the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, with the important exposition of the General Secretary on scientific and technological self-reliance, and with the theme education of studying and implementing Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, which is being carried out in depth by the whole party, so as to promote the high-quality development of basic research.It provides a solid foundation for realizing high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and accelerating the construction of a world-class scientific and technological power.

　　The only way to build a world science and technology power

　　On May 28th, 2021, the 20th Academician Conference of China Academy of Sciences, 15th Academician Conference of China Academy of Engineering and 10th National Congress of China Association for Science and Technology were held in the Great Hall of the People. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attended the conference and delivered an important speech, systematically summarizing the "new historical achievements" made by China’s scientific and technological innovation. The first one is "important progress has been made in basic research and original innovation":

　　"The overall strength of basic research has been significantly strengthened, and the overall level of chemistry, materials, physics, engineering and other disciplines has been significantly improved. A number of major original achievements have been made in frontier directions such as quantum information, stem cells and brain science. Successfully organized a number of major basic research tasks, ‘ Chang ‘e V ’ Realize the sampling return of extraterrestrial objects, ‘ Tianwen-1 ’ Start Mars exploration, ‘ Huairou No.1 ’ Gravitational wave storm high-energy electromagnetic counterpart all-day monitor satellite successfully launched, ‘ Eye number ’ The strongest magnetic field in the universe has been directly measured, and the millisecond pulsar was first discovered by the 500-meter spherical radio telescope, a new generation ‘ Artificial sun ’ First discharge, ‘ Snow Dragon 2’ The first voyage of No.1 to the South Pole, a 76-photon quantum computing prototype ‘ Chapter 9 ’ 62-bit programmable superconducting quantum computing prototype ‘ Zu Chongzhi ’ Successfully came out. A number of major scientific and technological infrastructures with world-class standards, such as spallation neutron sources, passed the acceptance test. "

　　In the Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader further made an incisive summary of the achievements of China’s scientific and technological innovation: "Basic research and original innovation have been continuously strengthened, some key core technologies have achieved breakthroughs, strategic emerging industries have developed and expanded, and manned space flight, lunar exploration, deep-sea exploration, supercomputers, satellite navigation, quantum information, nuclear power technology, new energy technology, large aircraft manufacturing, biomedicine, etc. have made great achievements and entered the ranks of innovative countries."

　　Our party and country have always attached importance to basic research. After the founding of New China, the CPC Central Committee issued the call of "marching into science", and the vast number of scientific and technological workers made self-reliance and hard struggle, and achieved major basic research achievements such as "two bombs and one satellite", artificial synthesis of bovine insulin, breakthrough in the theory of multiple complex variables, and proof of Goldbach’s conjecture. After the reform and opening up, China ushered in the "scientific spring", and successively implemented the "863 Plan", "Climbing Plan" and "973 Plan", and the overall research strength and academic level of basic research were significantly enhanced.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has been based on the overall development strategy of the Party and the country, grasped the general trend of the world and the trend of the times, attached great importance to basic research, and placed the promotion of original innovation ability in a more prominent position. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attended many important meetings, such as the symposium of scientists, the meeting of academicians of the two academies, the Central Talent Work Conference, the Central Economic Work Conference, and the National People’s Congress. In scientific research institutes, universities, high-tech enterprises, high-tech industrial development zones and other occasions for investigation and discussion; During many collective studies in the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, he delivered a series of important speeches on strengthening basic research and made a series of forward-looking, strategic and overall plans.

　　— — Profoundly clarify the great significance. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "China faces many ‘ Get stuck in the neck ’ The root of technical problems is that basic theoretical research can’t keep up, and the source and bottom things are not clear. ""Strengthening basic research is an inevitable requirement for self-reliance and self-improvement of science and technology, and it is an inevitable choice for us to change from unknown to known and from uncertainty to certainty "; "Only by attaching importance to basic research can we maintain the ability of independent innovation forever", and so on.

　　— — Deeply clarify the guiding principles. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that we should persistently strengthen basic research, "follow the laws of scientific discovery, be driven by curiosity to explore the mysteries of the world, encourage free exploration and full exchange and debate", and "promote the exploration and discovery of the evolution of the universe, the nature of consciousness, the material structure and the origin of life"; "Concise scientific problems from the practical problems faced by economic and social development and national security", "Driven by major scientific and technological problems, abstract theoretical problems from major applied research, and then explore scientific laws, so that basic research and applied research can promote each other", and so on.

　　— — Deeply clarify the practical requirements. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that "it is necessary to clarify the direction and development goals of China’s basic research field, make contributions for a long time, and persist in it", increase investment in basic research, and form a sustained and stable investment mechanism; Give necessary policy support to scientific research units and enterprises that have carried out effective basic research; Strengthen the training of top students in basic disciplines, lay out and build frontier science centers, and develop new research universities; Create a good scientific research ecology conducive to basic research and let scientists concentrate on research; Run first-class academic journals and various academic platforms, strengthen domestic and international academic exchanges, and so on.

　　The important exposition of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary profoundly clarified the extreme importance of strengthening basic research to enhance the ability of independent innovation, increase the stamina of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and strengthen the foundation of a strong country through science and technology, scientifically answered a series of major theoretical and practical questions on strengthening basic research and accelerating the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, and guided China to successfully organize a number of major basic research tasks and build a number of major scientific and technological infrastructures. Major original achievements in the frontier direction of basic research continued to emerge, and the overall strength of basic research was significantly enhanced.

　　Highlight forward-looking and strategic demand orientation

　　"Basic research is at the beginning of the scientific research chain from research to application to production. Only when the foundation is laid firmly can the science and technology building be built high. Strengthening basic research should highlight forward-looking and strategic demand orientation, optimize resource allocation and layout structure, and provide basic theoretical support and technology source supply for innovation and development. "

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has always attached great importance to "strengthening the forward-looking, strategic and systematic layout of basic research", emphasizing that "basic research should be brave in exploration and highlight originality" and "more importantly, traction should be applied to break through bottlenecks". In recent years, China has continuously strengthened the top-level design and system layout of basic research, and supported key core technologies from scientific sources and technical roots. In this important article, the general secretary further put forward clear requirements.

　　— — Adhere to the "four orientations", adhere to the goal orientation and freely explore the "two-legged walk", combine the world’s scientific and technological frontiers with the country’s major strategic needs and economic and social development goals, make overall plans to follow the frontier issues raised by the law of scientific development and the theoretical issues abstracted from major applied research, and concise the key scientific issues in basic research.

　　On July 6, 2023, the World Artificial Intelligence Conference opened in Shanghai World Expo Center. In addition to holding plenary sessions on scientific frontier and industrial development and thematic forums, the conference also displayed scientific and technological achievements including large models, chips, robots and intelligent driving. The picture shows experts discussing before an intelligent generation painting about Shanghai. Xinhua News Agency reporter Huang Xiaoyong/photo

　　— — Grasp the development trend of science and technology and the strategic needs of the country, strengthen the feasibility demonstration and selection evaluation of major basic research projects, fully respect the opinions of scientists, grasp the general trend, and make a good "first move."

　　— — Strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength, organize and promote strategic-oriented systematic basic research, frontier-oriented exploratory basic research and market-oriented applied basic research, and pay attention to the leading role of national laboratories, the organizational role of national scientific research institutions, the main force of high-level research universities and the role of leading scientific and technological enterprises as "questioners", "respondents" and "reviewers".

　　— — Optimize the layout of basic disciplines, support the development of key disciplines, emerging disciplines, unpopular disciplines and weak disciplines, promote cross-disciplinary integration and interdisciplinary research, and build a high-quality discipline system with comprehensive and balanced development.

　　Continue to deepen the reform of institutional mechanisms.

　　"Establishing the Central Science and Technology Committee" and "Reorganizing the Ministry of Science and Technology" … … In the "Party and State Institutional Reform Plan" adopted by the Second Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, "strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee on scientific and technological work and promoting the construction of the national innovation system and the reform of the scientific and technological system as a whole" has become an important focus of this round of institutional reform.

　　Stimulating kinetic energy with reform, China’s scientific and technological innovation is constantly in generate. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has made the reform of science and technology system the focus of comprehensive deepening reform, personally led and personally deployed, and many major issues of science and technology system reform point to breaking the ideological barriers and institutional barriers that restrict scientific and technological innovation. The reform of science and technology system continued to deepen, and a series of major reform measures were introduced in strengthening the national strategic scientific and technological strength, the construction of scientific and technological talents, the scientific and technological evaluation system, the management of scientific and technological projects and funds, the integrity of scientific research and the construction of scientific and technological ethics. Important breakthroughs were made in the reform of key areas and key links, some difficult problems that have long restricted the development of science and technology were effectively solved, and the scientific and technological innovation policy system was further optimized, which effectively stimulated the enthusiasm and creativity of various innovative subjects.

　　Reform is always on the road. "The world has entered the era of great science, and the degree of organization of basic research is getting higher and higher, and institutional guarantee and policy guidance have an increasing impact on the output of basic research." In this important article, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out that "China’s institutional mechanisms for supporting basic research and original innovation have been basically established, but they are still not perfect", and clearly demanded that "the reform plan must be optimized and refined, and the value-driven and strategic traction functions of systems and policies should be brought into play".

　　— — We will steadily increase the financial input for basic research, encourage enterprises to increase investment, encourage social forces to invest, improve the funding efficiency of the National Natural Science Foundation and its joint funds, and establish and improve the basic research input mechanism that combines competitive support with stable support.

　　— — Optimize the basic research support system of the national science and technology plan, improve the organization, declaration, evaluation and decision-making mechanism of basic research projects, implement differentiated classification management and international and domestic peer review, organize collaborative research on major scientific issues, and encourage free exploratory research and non-consensus innovative research.

　　— — Handle the relationship between the new national system and the market mechanism, improve the system of scientific and technological evaluation and encouragement, application and transformation of achievements, and remuneration of scientific and technological personnel that match the long period of basic research, support a number of basic research innovation bases, superior teams and key directions for a long time, and create original innovation sources and basic research pioneers. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader particularly emphasized: "It is a general trend to increase investment in basic research. At the same time, we should consider the national financial resources, maintain a reasonable investment intensity, strengthen the performance evaluation of the implementation process, and ensure ‘ Good steel is used on the blade ’ 。”

　　Building a high-level support platform

　　"When I was working in Zhengding, I knew it was a very important one in our national research institutes. I’ve heard a lot about you!"

　　On May 12, 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, who was on an inspection tour in Hebei, came to China Institute of Electric Industry Foundation in Shijiazhuang. This is an important supply base for high-end core electronic devices and a new technology innovation base for new semiconductor devices in China. Knowing that the products produced by the company have strongly supported manned spaceflight, lunar Mars exploration, Beidou networking and other equipment, and the development of digital economy industries represented by 5G base stations, new energy vehicles and optical communications, the general secretary praised: "They are all cutting-edge technologies, and they are also the most important national weapon for us to achieve scientific and technological self-reliance."

　　"A strong country in science and technology cannot be separated from a scientific and technological elite and a scientific and technological phalanx." Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the great attention and strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, important progress has been made in the construction of China’s basic research support platform: a number of national laboratories have been laid out, efforts have been made to reorganize the national key laboratory system, and the national laboratory system with China characteristics has been accelerated; Strengthen the construction of high-level scientific research institutions, deepen the reform of scientific research institutions, and continuously improve the innovation ability; Positive progress has been made in the construction of research universities, and the ability of discipline construction, basic research and innovative talents training has been continuously enhanced; The layout of innovation platforms such as national technology innovation center, industrial innovation center and engineering research center is becoming more and more perfect, and a large number of new R&D institutions, creative spaces and incubators are emerging, which promotes the in-depth cooperation and efficient transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements in Industry-University-Research; Positive progress has been made in the construction of high-level sci-tech periodicals, and a number of outstanding periodicals rank among the top in the world.

　　In this important article, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader fully affirmed the great progress made in the construction of China’s basic research support platform in recent years, and pointed out that "fundamentally crack ‘ Two heads are out ’ The problem still has a long way to go "and put forward clear requirements.

　　— — Cooperate to build a national laboratory system with China characteristics, lay out and build a research center for basic disciplines, speed up the construction of a special zone for basic research, deploy a new basic platform for scientific research informationization in advance, and form a strong backbone network for basic research.

　　— — Scientifically plan and lay out major scientific and technological infrastructures that are forward-looking, strategic-oriented, and application-supported, strengthen supervision during and after facility construction, improve life-cycle management, and comprehensively improve the level of open sharing and operational efficiency.

　　On July 16th, 2023, in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, the experimental building of "Super Gravity Centrifugal Simulation and Experiment Device" was capped. The picture shows the experimental building of "Super Gravity Centrifugal Simulation and Experimental Device" (photo of drone) taken on July 17th. Xinhua News Agency issued Long Wei/photo

　　— — We will fight hard for the localization of scientific and technological instruments and equipment, operating systems and basic software, encourage scientific research institutions, universities and enterprises to carry out joint research, improve the level of localization substitution and application scale, and strive to solve major basic research problems with China’s independent research platforms, instruments and equipment as soon as possible.

　　— — Accelerate the cultivation of world-class scientific and technological journals, build scientific and technological literature and data platforms with international influence, launch high-level international academic conferences, and encourage major basic research achievements to be published, developed and utilized in Chinese journals and platforms first.

　　Let more talents compete to emerge.

　　"What you are doing here is the work of climbing the peak, which is very meaningful. Young people can display your talents, good! "

　　On July 5, 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader who was inspecting in Jiangsu entered the R&D workshop and photoelectric laboratory of Suzhou Huaxing Yuanchuang Technology Co., Ltd. Seeing young faces next to cutting-edge instruments and equipment, the general secretary encouraged: "If the country wants to achieve self-reliance and self-reliance in science and technology, you are born at the right time, and it is time to show your talents. You must seize the historical opportunity. In the future, you will be proud of your contribution to national rejuvenation! "

　　Talent is a strategic resource to realize national rejuvenation and win the initiative of international competition. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has always been concerned about the cultivation, introduction and use of scientific and technological talents, and made a series of important expositions and major arrangements. In June 2014, the General Secretary pointed out at the 17th Academician Conference of China Academy of Sciences and the 12th Academician Conference of China Academy of Engineering that "to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the more talents, the better, and the greater the ability"; In September 2020, it was emphasized at the symposium of scientists that "the fundamental source of national scientific and technological innovation lies in people"; In May 2021, it was pointed out at the 20th Academician Conference of China Academy of Sciences, the 15th Academician Conference of China Academy of Engineering and the 10th National Congress of China Association for Science and Technology that "in the final analysis, China must rely on high-level innovative talents to achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance"; In September 2021, at the Central Talent Work Conference, it was proposed to "accelerate the construction of an important talent center and an innovative highland in the world"; In October, 2022, in the Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Party, it was emphasized that "science and technology must be the primary productive force, talents the primary resource and innovation the primary motive force". In recent years, relying on various institutional platforms, China has gathered and trained a large number of high-level innovative and entrepreneurial talents. The quality of the talent team has been significantly improved, the structure has been further optimized, and important progress has been made in the construction of the national strategic talent team.

　　"Strengthening basic research depends on high-level talents in the final analysis." Without a strong team of basic research talents, independent innovation is water without sources and trees without roots. In this important article, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader fully affirmed China’s remarkable achievements in implementing the strategy of strengthening the country through talents and deepening the reform of the talent system and mechanism, and pointed out that "there are still obvious shortcomings in the basic research talent team" and clearly demanded that "efforts must be made to build a systematic and high-level basic research talent training platform so that more basic research talents can emerge in competition".

　　— — We will increase the support of various talent programs for basic research talents, train and use strategic scientists, support young scientific and technological talents to take the lead and shoulder heavy responsibilities, actively introduce outstanding overseas talents, and continuously expand the team of leading scientific and technological talents and first-class innovation teams.

　　— — Clarify the evaluation methods and standards of how to "stand up" after "breaking the four virtues", improve the differentiated evaluation and long-term support mechanism for basic research talents, give the leading talents of science and technology greater control over human resources and property and the right to choose technical routes, and build an evaluation system that conforms to the laws of basic research and talent growth.

　　— — Strengthen the construction of scientific research style of study, adhere to the combination of scientific supervision and honesty education, further promote the governance of scientific research style of study, and guide scientific and technological personnel to abandon grandiosity and eliminate impetuousness, and sit on the "cold bench".

　　— — Adhere to the road of independent training of basic research talents, carry out in-depth "talent plan for middle school students", "strong foundation plan" and "training plan for top-notch students in basic disciplines", optimize the education system of basic disciplines, give play to the role of universities, especially "double-class" universities, strengthen the training of high-level talents urgently needed by the country, and continuously create a large-scale reserve force for basic research.

　　Carry out extensive international cooperation

　　"At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation are developing in depth. To solve the problem of common development, mankind needs international cooperation and open sharing more than ever." On May 25th, 2023, the 2023 Zhongguancun Forum opened in Beijing, and the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader sent a congratulatory letter, which fully reflected the great importance attached to scientific and technological innovation and international cooperation.

　　Strengthening international scientific and technological cooperation is not only the objective law of scientific and technological innovation, but also the general trend of the times. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has made great strides, grasped the development trend of the world, conformed to the development trend of the times, and profoundly pointed out that "despite the changing international situation, the historical trend of opening up and development will not change, and the desire to work together to meet challenges will not change"; "With the development of globalization, informationization and networking, the elements of innovation are more open and mobile, and innovation cannot be carried out behind closed doors"; "Scientific and technological achievements should benefit all mankind, and should not be a means to restrict or contain the development of other countries", and so on. These important expositions have pointed out the direction for developing international scientific and technological cooperation extensively under the great changes in the world in the past century.

　　China always insists on planning and promoting scientific and technological innovation from a global perspective, which not only promotes its own progress, but also contributes to the development of human civilization. Looking around the world, China has established scientific and technological cooperation relations with more than 160 countries and regions, and signed 117 intergovernmental scientific and technological cooperation agreements … … In response to climate change, ensuring food security and protecting human life and health, the joint research between China and other countries in the world has achieved fruitful results.

　　At present, international scientific and technological cooperation faces the impact and challenge of unilateralism and protectionism of a few countries. In this important article, the Supreme Leader General Secretary clarified China’s position: "To solve the common development problem, mankind needs international cooperation and open sharing more than ever before, and no country can become an independent innovation center or enjoy innovation results exclusively"; Clear requirements: "China should persist in expanding international exchanges and cooperation in basic research with more open thinking and measures, and create an open and innovative ecology with global competitiveness."

　　— — Build an international cooperation platform for basic research, take the lead in implementing international large-scale scientific plans and large-scale scientific projects, set up a global scientific research fund, increase the opening up of national scientific and technological plans, and expand and deepen Sino-foreign joint scientific research around global issues such as climate change, energy security, biosafety, and utilization of outer space.

　　— — Forward-looking planning and deep participation in global science and technology governance, participating in or initiating the establishment of international science and technology organizations, supporting domestic universities, research institutes and science and technology organizations to connect with the international community, and improving laws and regulations, ethical review rules and regulatory frameworks.

　　— — Dare to fight, be good at fighting, strive to enhance the openness, trust and cooperation of international scientific and technological circles, make new and greater contributions to the progress of human civilization with more major original innovations and key core technological breakthroughs, and effectively safeguard China’s scientific and technological security interests.

　　Shaping the Innovative Ecology with China Characteristics

　　"From the Huangpu River to the Wei River, you set off with your backpack and take care of everyone. The westward movement of Jiaotong University is of great significance to the whole country and nation and to the strategic layout of western development. " On April 22, 2020, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader walked into the Westward Moving Museum of Jiaotong University in Xi ‘an Jiaotong University, and cordially met with 14 old professors who moved westward, encouraging teachers and students to continue to carry forward the "Westward Moving Spirit", make contributions to places where the motherland needs it most, and pass on the "Westward Moving Spirit" from generation to generation.

　　Scientific achievements cannot be separated from spiritual support. Since the founding of New China, the vast number of scientific and technological workers have set up monuments of scientific and technological innovation on the land of the motherland, and also created a unique spiritual temperament. From a large number of older scientists such as Li Siguang, Qian Xuesen, Qian Sanqiang and Deng Jiaxian to a large number of outstanding scientists who grew up after the founding of New China, such as Chen Jingrun, Huang Danian and Nanrendong, generation after generation of scientists are concerned about the motherland and the people, and have made great contributions to the progress of science and technology, the improvement of people’s lives and the development of the Chinese nation, leaving precious spiritual wealth on the journey of national rejuvenation.

　　"To carry out basic research requires both material guarantee and spiritual encouragement." The spirit of "two bombs and one satellite", the spirit of moving westward, the spirit of manned spaceflight, the spirit of scientists, the spirit of exploring the moon and the spirit of Beidou in the new era, which have been forged by several generations of Chinese scientific and technological workers, have jointly shaped the innovative ecology with China characteristics and become an inexhaustible motive force to support the development of basic research. In this important article, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward clear requirements for "shaping an innovative ecology conducive to basic research".

　　— — Vigorously carry forward the scientific spirit of pursuing truth and bravely climbing the peak in the whole society, widely publicize the advanced models and deeds emerging in the fields of science and technology such as basic research, educate and guide the vast number of scientific and technological workers to inherit the glorious tradition of the older generation of scientists who are committed to the country and care for the people, write papers on the land of the motherland, and apply scientific research achievements to the great cause of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

　　— — Strengthen the construction of national science popularization capacity, carry out in-depth actions to improve the scientific quality of the whole people, disseminate scientific knowledge and display scientific and technological achievements through online and offline channels, and establish a social trend of loving and advocating science.

　　— — Effectively promote the integration of science and education, do a good job in science education addition in the "double reduction" of education, sow scientific seeds, stimulate young people’s curiosity, imagination and desire to explore, and cultivate young people who have the potential of scientists and are willing to devote themselves to scientific research.

　　To accelerate the development of basic research in China, we must strengthen the overall leadership of the party. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward clear requirements to Party committees and governments at all levels and leading cadres at all levels: Party committees and governments at all levels "should put strengthening basic research into the important agenda of scientific and technological work, strengthen overall coordination, increase policy support, and promote basic research to achieve high-quality development"; Leading cadres at all levels "should learn scientific and technological knowledge, carry forward the scientific spirit, take the initiative to solve problems for scientific and technological workers, loosen the burden, cheer up, and implement a series of strategic arrangements of the CPC Central Committee on scientific and technological innovation".

　　"Take the wind, go to Wan Li in the sky, and look down at the mountains and rivers." At present, the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation in the world is accelerating its evolution and expansion. Scientific and technological innovation is profoundly changing the world development pattern, and China’s development faces a golden historical opportunity. With the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the scientific guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, the continuous strengthening of basic research and the courage to challenge the most cutting-edge scientific issues, we will surely achieve the grand goal of self-reliance and self-reliance in high-level science and technology and building a world-class science and technology power!

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The physiotherapist’s technique is exquisite, from shoulder and neck to back, step by step, from light to heavy, and relaxation is moderate. After a few minutes of repetition, the nerves and body that have been in a tight state for a long time relax instantly.

Every physical therapist in whale fall SPAAfter professional training, and have5 years or above working experience! The techniques are skillful and pure, and the whole process of strength is just right.

There are also many Chinese-style special items in the store, such as scraping, cupping and moxibustion, which can be selected. In particular, I recommend you to try moxibustion.

Jingluo SPA useAi tiao ai JIUCompared with ordinary moxibustion box, it has better effect, can gently regulate the body’s qi deficiency and sweep away the uncomfortable feeling ~

Merchant information

"Jinlong Road Store": 23rd floor, Building 1, Yuexiu Headquarters Plaza, Jinlong Road, Nansha.

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"Zhujiang Bay Store": Floor 25, Building 3, Fenglin International Apartment, Zhujiang Bay, Nansha

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Tianhe City Store: Floor 9, Yuehai Plaza Apartment, Wanboer Road, Panyu District

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Shi Ruizhe said that Audi FAW New Energy Vehicle will specialize in producing pure electric medium and large vehicles based on PPE. The PPE model produced in Changchun is tailor-made for the China market, with long cruising range, fast charging, brand-new electronic architecture and advanced driver assistance system. In addition, he revealed that the first batch of PPE models will be Audi A6.e—tron and Audi Q6e—China-specific version of the —tron model family.

Is Zhao Baige wrong? Is there something wrong with Air China?

The plane is about to take off, but the guest is stuck in the road. It is normal for the plane to choose to wait, even for 15 to 20 minutes. So, who are these important passengers?

In fact, serving important guests well has been the task of the aviation department for many years. At the request of the Civil Aviation Administration of China, almost all airlines and airports have "VIP departments" dedicated to receiving important passengers, and strive to provide them with top-level VVIP services during several hours of flight.

As early as 1993, scaa at that time had issued "Regulations on the Transportation Services for Important Passengers on Civil Aviation Flights" (referred to as "Regulations"), which formulated detailed VIP service regulations and became a model for major airlines to follow when formulating VIP service manuals.

The airline’s perfect service

Generally speaking, the care that a guest enjoys begins from the moment he books a plane ticket. According to the Civil Aviation Administration, priority should be given to booking seats and purchasing tickets. According to some people in the aviation industry, each airline’s internal system has a long VIP list. According to the definition of the above-mentioned Regulations of the Civil Aviation Administration, if the identity of the booking person is an official at or above the provincial or ministerial level (including deputy), an officer at or above the rank of major general in the army, and an important guest such as a diplomat at the rank of minister or ambassador, the system will remind you that the guest is coming.

The day before departure, all major departure stations have to send the VIP list of the next flight to the Civil Aviation Administration, airlines, airports and all business units, among which the most worrying and core department is the airlines. For some special VIPs, the airline executives should personally greet them, and some will personally fly the plane.

When you arrive at the airport, you need someone to help you with the check-in procedures and checked baggage. In the special room of the airport VIP lounge with first-class hardware, officials at or above the provincial level will also have special tea sets. Subsequently, vehicles will pass through the inspection-free passage and deliver the passengers to the door of the engine room first. "If the guest is in a hurry, he doesn’t need to stop at the airport. He can drive the car directly from the office to the apron." A person familiar with the matter said.

For VIPs, flights with first class will fly first class, and those without first class will be given a comfortable seat by the Civil Aviation Administration.

Sometimes, the plane is about to take off, but the VIP is stuck in the road. At this time, some captains will choose to wait. "It is normal to wait for 15 to 20 minutes. We usually tell passengers that it is air traffic control. Everyone is used to the plane being late." An airline asked Wang Lu (a pseudonym), a flight attendant in the passenger department, to say.

Guest complaints are absolutely and completely effective.

At the moment when we learned that the guests were coming, a VVIP security plan had been launched, with a fine division of labor and many procedures that ordinary people could not imagine. According to the ground support manuals published by major airlines, it is not enough to transfer a plane in the best condition from the dispatching room, and the maintenance base has to conduct an in-depth physical examination of the plane. At the same time, the quality management office, which is responsible for training VIP flight attendants, will conduct pre-selection and training of crew members.

At the same time, the Civil Aviation Administration stipulates that all units should try their best to narrow the scope of confidential VIP flight dynamics. The Civil Aviation Administration also clearly stipulates that it is strictly forbidden to escort prisoners and mental patients on the flights of state councilors and vice premiers or above.

Before the flight leaves Hong Kong, the flight crew will receive a VIP preference information compiled by the airline operation cabin, and the flight attendants should be familiar with every detail that they know from various channels.

A word of thanks from an important guest is a great surprise for the flight attendants-they can get a lot of performance points. But if the guests are not satisfied, they are not the only ones who will be punished.

According to industry sources, ordinary people complain about flight attendants, and the company needs to verify the situation before seeing if it is effective, but the complaints from the guests are all effective. "If the guests are not satisfied, the entire flight cabin will be downgraded in turn." The regulations of Hainan Branch of China Southern Airlines are stricter. If anyone is criticized by the central leadership in carrying out the VIP flight, in addition to demoting the flight attendants for two years or even directly expelling them, the leaders of the unit where the flight attendants work will also be held accountable.

Bring intangible assets to airlines

As far as business is concerned, the aviation department may not want to get anything in return from these important guests, but rather consider the effects of brand and word of mouth. "Serving customers well helps to establish a brand and is an important marketing tool for airlines."

Every time the passenger flight task is completed, the flight attendant writes a summary and submits it to the cabin service department. For airlines, this report, which includes VIP evaluation and service process, is not only a practical case of flight attendant training, but also an important copy to promote their own image.

On the plane, airlines will also try to influence these important guests more and promote themselves. Because of the good interaction in the cabin, the mutual understanding between airlines and important guests will naturally extend outside the cabin, especially for some officials who are provincial and ministerial leaders. If we can win the support of local governments, airlines can naturally get a good development environment, and local government officials also hope that airlines can help local economic development.

This win-win situation also exists between airlines and the Civil Aviation Administration at a higher level. On the one hand, due to the requirements of VIP reception issued by the Civil Aviation Administration, airlines may sacrifice some economic benefits to receive VIP guests. However, on the other hand, if the VIP service is well served, various businesses will follow. Not to mention official charter flights such as the two sessions, even if public servants go abroad, the Civil Aviation Administration will try its best to consider the interests of domestic companies.

(According to Southern Weekend on January 22, 2011)

　　CCTV News:580,000 new 5G base stations were added, the shipment of 5G mobile phones was 144 million, and the number of 5G terminal connections exceeded 200 million … … This year, China’s 5G is flying fast. Wen Ku, director of the Information and Communication Development Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said at the press conference held by the State Council Office today (24th) that up to now, the goal we set at the beginning of the year, that is, all cities have 5G coverage, has also been achieved.

　　Wen Ku introduced, terminal, 1-mdash; In November, the domestic market shipped 144 million 5G mobile phones, and there were 199 new models on the market, accounting for about half of all mobile phones, one was 51.4%, and the other was 47.7%. In terms of the number of users, the growth is very fast, and the number of 5G terminal connections has exceeded 200 million. In terms of application, this year’s third contest collected more than 4,000 5G application cases reported by everyone. These projects have shown unexpected and very useful effects in hot areas such as intelligent manufacturing, medical care and energy.

　　In the next step, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will work with relevant departments to further optimize the layout of data center construction, improve the level of application development, and gradually improve the application types, cloud service capabilities, application depth and software richness, which will strongly support the digital development needs of 5G and all walks of life.

　　In addition, Wen Ku also stressed that he hoped that local governments would have a comprehensive and reasonable expectation for the development of 5G, not only focusing on the goal of network construction, but also making more efforts in the application of 5G. Although the promotion of 5G applications in various places is very strong now, it is far from enough compared with the difficulties we are facing and the future development needs. It is necessary to further strengthen the summary, promotion and exploration and innovation of 5G applications in combination with the development of local economy and industry, and form a benign development model of "promoting use with construction and promoting construction with use".

At 1 am Beijing time on October 14th, Apple’s online new product launch conference was held on time, and four new products, namely iPhone12 mini, iPhone 12, iPhone 12 Pro and iPhone 12 Pro Max, were released in one breath, setting a new record for Apple’s own new products.

This year is the big year of iPhone iteration, and the iPhone 12 series has returned to the previous right-angled border design style. Slightly different from outside speculation, Apple’s iPhone 12 series is equipped with 5G chips, which means that the iPhone has officially entered the 5G era.

In addition, the iPhone 12 series is equipped with a 5-nanometer A14 bionic chip, and the cameras are upgraded. All these help Apple to further build its product competitiveness.

IPhone enters the 5G era

Apple has been "slow" in following up the mobile communication technology in order to pursue a better communication experience. In adopting 5G technology, Apple still does. However, Apple has made the whole iPhone 12 series equipped with 5G, which also shows Apple’s determination to enter the 5G era without procrastination.

Apple emphasizes that various models of iPhone 12 support many 5G frequency bands, which can provide a wide range of 5G coverage around the world. Each model of iPhone 12 also has an intelligent data mode, which can intelligently judge when 5G speed is needed, and balance data usage, speed and power consumption in real time to help extend battery life.

Among the major global operators listed at Apple’s press conference, China’s three major operators are also listed, which also means that the iPhone 12 series should have good 5G network support in China.

A14 bionic chip: the world’s first mass-produced 5-nanometer chip

The latest technology of global mobile phone chips is 5 nm. Apple A14 bionic chip is not only the first 5 nm chip of iPhone, but also the first commercial 5G nano mobile phone chip in the world. Huawei’s Kirin 9000 series with 5 nanometers will be launched later.

According to Apple, A14 bionic chip is far ahead of its competitors. Its speed and energy efficiency are both improved. It is the fastest CPU and graphics processor of iPhone so far. Compared with the fastest smartphone chip of competitors, the speed is up to 50%, which not only can realize the host-level game experience, powerful computing and photography functions, but also has excellent battery life.

A14 bionic equipped with 16-core neural network engine has broken through the limit of machine learning, and its performance has been improved by 80%, and it can perform 11 trillion operations per second. Therefore, even in the face of the extremely demanding machine learning model, it can play a better performance.

IPhone 12/12 mini: dual camera +5G+A14 bionic chip.

6.1-inch iPhone 12 and 5.4-inch iPhone 12 mini, both models adopt new straight-edge design with aluminum metal frame. Among them, the iPhone 12 mini is the smallest, thinnest and lightest 5G iPhone in the world.

This time, Apple emphasized that the iPhone 12 series are all equipped with super porcelain crystal panels, which are more durable than glass after a new high-temperature crystallization process, and the drop resistance is increased to four times.

Both iPhone 12 and iPhone 12 mini have IP68 splash-proof performance, and can stay underwater for up to 30 minutes at the deepest depth of 6 meters, which can resist the splash of common liquids such as coffee and soda.

In the iPhone12 series, the iPhone 12 and the iPhone 12mini are relatively cheap. However, these two models are not weak in performance. They are equipped with 5G chips and A14 bionic chips, and equipped with dual-camera cameras.

IPhone 12 and iPhone 12 mini have powerful computational photography functions with A14 bionic and brand-new dual-camera system. This advanced camera system is equipped with a super wide-angle camera and a brand-new wide-angle camera with aperture of/1.6. It is the fastest camera in the history of iPhone, and the capture light source has increased by 27%, and it can also take wonderful photos and videos in low light.

IPhone 12 night scene shooting

In addition, all models of iPhone 12 have upgraded the computational photography function to a new level. The original deep camera, wide-angle camera and ultra-wide-angle camera all support night mode and faster deep fusion processing speed, and the camera effect has been improved in various environments. When users use night mode to take pictures in low light, they will get brighter pictures and better contrast; The photos processed by deep fusion have more delicate texture and less noise. Intelligent HDR 3 will use machine learning technology to intelligently adjust the white balance, contrast, texture and saturation of photos to make the picture look more natural.

IPhone 12 is equipped with the first iPhone camera system that can shoot Dolby Vision HDR video, and it is also the first and only device in the world that can provide a full Dolby Vision experience, allowing users to easily shoot, edit and share movies on the iPhone in a native way. Full of video.

In addition, both models have further enhanced the cinema-level video anti-shake function, and the self-timer video supporting Dolby Vision is also more vivid; However, when the tripod is used to shoot night-time delayed video in low light environment, it can be exposed for a longer time, and the shot video is clearer, the light trace is brighter and the picture effect is smoother.

IPhone 12 and iPhone 12 mini are available in five aluminum metal appearances: blue, green, black, white and red.

IPhone 12 will be pre-ordered on Friday, October 16th, and will be on sale on Friday, October 23rd, with the price starting from 6299 yuan. The iPhone 12 mini will be pre-ordered on Friday, November 6, and will be available in stores on Friday, November 13, with the price starting at 5499 yuan.

The price of iPhone 12mini is the same as that of the previous generation iPhone 11, and the price of iPhone 12 is between iPhone 11 and iPhone 11Pro.　

IPhone 12 Pro/ Pro Max：Pro camera +AR augmented reality

As a high-end version of the iPhone 12 series, the iPhone 12 Pro/ Pro Max is 6.1 inches and 6.7 inches respectively, and its power is mainly reflected in the camera system.

According to Apple, the Pro camera system uses excellent camera hardware and is driven by A14 bionic, which brings more diversified shooting tools for photographers and video enthusiasts with different needs. With the new image signal processor (ISP), A14 Bionics can significantly improve the image quality and realize the powerful computational photography function that traditional cameras can’t accomplish.

IPhone 12 Pro supports many computational photography functions, and will also support Apple ProRAW (launched later this year), which can combine Apple’s multi-frame image processing and computational photography with the common RAW format. Users can fully enjoy the complete creative space in color, detail and dynamic range on the iPhone or with professional photo editing apps.

In addition, the iPhone 12 Pro camera system has been rebuilt, including a super wide-angle camera with a wide field of vision, a telephoto camera (with a longer focal length on the iPhone 12 Pro Max), and a new wide-angle camera, which can shoot beautiful professional-grade images and videos in bright light and low-light scenes. Among them, iPhone 12 Pro has a new/1.6 aperture seven-mirror wide-angle camera, which improves the low-light shooting performance of photos and videos by 27%; The super wide-angle camera has a viewing angle of 120 degrees, which is very suitable for capturing more scenes in narrow places or vast landscapes; The telephoto camera has a focal length of 52 mm and an optical zoom range of 4 times, which is more suitable for shooting portraits.

The sensor size of the new/1.6 aperture wide-angle camera owned by iPhone 12 Pro Max is increased by 47%, the pixel size is increased to 1.7 microns, and the low-light shooting performance is improved by 87%. This model is also equipped with an ultra-wide-angle camera with a wide field of view and a 65mm telephoto camera, which can shoot close-ups or more compact pictures more flexibly. In addition, the system can achieve 5 times optical zoom.

In addition, the iPhone 12 Pro series is also equipped with a lidar scanner, which can measure the light distance and use the pixel depth information of the scene. This technology can provide a faster and more realistic augmented reality experience, and increase the autofocus speed in low-light scenes to 6 times, so that users can take photos and videos more accurately and quickly. Lidar scanner combined with A14 bionic neural network engine brings night mode portrait function, which can present exquisite background blur effect in low light environment.

IPhone 12 Pro and iPhone 12 Pro Max are available in graphite, silver, gold and sea blue. The iPhone 12 Pro will be pre-ordered on Friday, October 16th, and will be released on Friday, October 23rd. The iPhone 12 Pro Max will be pre-ordered on Friday, November 6th, and will be available in retail stores on Friday, November 13th. The starting price is RMB 8,499 and RMB 9,299 respectively.

Cancel the power adapter and EarPods, and return to wireless charging.

As rumored by the outside world, Apple announced at the press conference that it had cancelled the power adapter and EarPods (original headphones) included in the iPhone product package.

According to Apple, this makes the packaging of iPhone smaller and lighter, and the number of packages that can be transported by each freight pallet can be increased by as much as 70%, which will further reduce carbon emissions and avoid mining and the use of precious raw materials.

In addition, Apple upgraded the wireless charging method this time, and MagSafe returned. MagSafe can effectively provide charging power up to 15W, and it is also compatible with the existing equipment supporting Qi standard. The charging scheme provided includes MagSafe charger, MagSafe dual charger for iPhone and Apple Watch, a new protective case made of silicone, leather and transparent material that can be easily attached to the back of iPhone, and a leather card case.

MagSafe charger, MagSafe leather card case and iPhone 12 silicone case and transparent case will be ordered on Friday, October 16th. IPhone 12 leather case will be available for sale on Friday, November 6. MagSafe dual charger and leather case will be on sale later.

The highest price drops to 800 yuan.

It is worth noting that due to the reduction of headphones and chargers, the price of the new iPhone has been lowered again.

The starting price of the iPhone 12 Pro is lower than that of the previous generation iPhone 11Pro by 200 yuan, and its capacity has increased from 64GB to 128GB. IPhone 12 Pro is priced at 8,499 yuan (128GB), 9,299 yuan (256GB) and 11,099 yuan (512GB), which are lower than those of 200 yuan, 700 yuan and 700 yuan respectively.

The starting price of the iPhone 12 Pro Max is cheaper than that of 300 yuan, while the 256GB version and the top version are cheaper than that of the iPhone 11 Pro Max by 800 yuan. Three iPhone 12 Pro Max are priced at 9299 yuan (128GB), 10099 yuan (256GB) and 512GB(11899 yuan).

　　

　　Text/Global magazine reporter Zhang Haixin

　　Editor/Le Yanna

　　Home, a place closely related to people’s lives, a place where productivity changes are easily detected.

　　"Print 3 beef labels", as soon as the voice falls, the labels of ingredients with shelf life will be automatically printed and entered into the ingredients database synchronously. Every time a package is taken, the number of beef in the background will be updated synchronously, so there is no need to worry about the ingredients being expired and wasted.

　　To wash clothes, the washing machine automatically detects the residual amount of laundry liquid, and once it is insufficient, it immediately beeps and gives an alarm, and it can also automatically lower the laundry liquid storage basket for easy access.

　　If you want to take a nap, the bedroom lights will automatically adjust the illumination according to the weather conditions, and the air conditioner and humidifier will jointly customize the professional-grade sleeping atmosphere …

　　One venue, 101 original technologies, and dozens of intelligent scenes-this is the appearance of home depicted by Haier Zhijia Pavilion at the 2024 China Household Appliances and Consumer Electronics Expo (AWE 2024), and it is also the new appearance of "traditional home" when it meets new quality productivity.

　　In the 1980s, Haier has become one of the important representatives of traditional manufacturing in China. Today, it has become an important window to observe the new round of productivity changes. Why is it always Haier? The reason may be not only the success of its products, but also that it has found a paradigm, a way for traditional industries to "new". Along this path, China’s huge traditional industrial resources can be activated and become an important position to cultivate new quality productivity.　　

Go for the "new"

　　In this year’s government work report, "vigorously promoting the construction of modern industrial system and accelerating the development of new quality productive forces" is listed as the first task. What is the new quality productivity? How to develop new quality productivity according to local conditions? All walks of life are actively exploring.

　　Many industry experts believe that the new quality productivity is roughly composed of three "new", namely, new manufacturing, new services and new formats.

　　The first dimension: new manufacturing. New manufacturing lies in new technology. What can be called "new quality productivity" must not be ordinary scientific and technological progress or marginal improvement, but subversive scientific and technological innovation. It is precisely subversive products and technology that push the production possibility curve of Haier Zhijia and realize new expansion and leap.

　　The research and development of home appliance industry is like an iceberg, from module to product to user experience, which belongs to the part above the water surface of the iceberg. The general research and development of the industry is at this stage. For example, if an air purification module is carried on a certain product, a new product with air purification function can be obtained. However, the research and development of Haier Zhijia is to find a way in theory and principle, that is, to carry out research and development and innovation in the deep water below the surface of this iceberg.

　　For example, in the past, the preservation of meat was usually achieved by freezing, but after freezing, ice crystals would destroy the cells of meat, resulting in nutrient loss and poor taste. In view of this, Haier Zhijia has successfully developed the "magnetic control cold fresh technology" for three years, which can keep the taste of cold meat unchanged for 10 days.

　　This is just a silhouette of Haier’s wisdom family bravely breaking into the deep water area and insisting on in-depth research and development. Haier Zhijia also has a 3D perspective drying technology specially developed to solve the problem of drying down jackets and other clothes. There are "flat-embedded refrigerator" and "full-embedded invisible range hood" specially designed to solve the problem that traditional products can not be flush embedded and affect the appearance; The "wild pot anti-dry burning" gas stove specially developed to avoid the risk of dry burning, etc …

　　In the past year, Haier Zhijia has listed more than 1,000 original technical products, adding 37 international leading scientific and technological achievements. Today, Haier Zhijia has been the first scientific and technological position in the industry in four aspects: patents, standards, national recognition and industrial design.

　　These original technologies are the powerful foundation for the traditional manufacturing enterprises to upgrade to high-end, intelligent and green with the new quality productivity characterized by high technology, high efficiency and high quality.

　　The second dimension of Haier’s wisdom to be "new" is new service. In 1966, the famous economist Greenfield put forward the concept of producer service when studying the classification of service industry. Since then, producer service has become an increasingly important part of the total GDP of developed countries around the world. In other words, to realize Chinese modernization, we must accelerate the development of producer services; To achieve high-quality manufacturing in China, we must also develop high value-added producer services. Haier Zhijia has been working hard for it.

　　In the past, Haier Zhijia was able to respond to users’ after-sales service demand at the first time and provide professional and sincere after-sales service. Haier Zhijia is synonymous with good service in China. In the era of Internet of Things, users’ needs are changing. Haier Zhijia has built a digital platform for users in the whole process of pre-sale, mid-sale and after-sale, opening up online and offline global contacts, bringing more efficient and convenient smart service experience and redefining the concept of user service in the new era.

　　Haier Zhijia entered the stage of fully implementing digitalization, and carried out the digital transformation of the whole process from intelligent manufacturing, logistics management, online and offline integrated sales to after-sales service. After the intergenerational breakthrough of the big model, the intelligent process of Haier Zhijia’s customer service accelerated and its service ability jumped sharply.

　　In Haier Zhijia, the story of "sincerity forever" continues, but it has a new service connotation in the new era.　　

Reconstruct a new format

　　An ant has no wisdom, no desire and no plan, but if many ants gather together, it will give birth to the wisdom of creatures that do not belong to this dimension. This is the emergence phenomenon described by John Holland in Emergence: From Chaos to Order.

　　This is also the third dimension of Haier’s intellectual development of new quality productivity-the ultimate form of new format. Take yourself as a platform and build an unbounded ecology. After everything is connected, wisdom will emerge.

　　Through years of exploration, Haier Zhijia has built a cross-regional and cross-industry co-creation and sharing platform by using globalization and digitalization. Haier Zhijia has built an efficient global supply chain collaboration system, laid out a global 10+N open innovation system offline, and built a HOPE innovation ecological platform online, linking 1 million+first-class resources and 250,000+experts around the world.

　　The infinite integration of resources has opened the evolution of Haier’s intellectual family. First of all, it promotes the optimal combination of production factors and opens up globalization and collaborative innovation in all fields. For example, in the United States, the most common laundry scene is that one laundry needs two machines, which not only takes a long time to wash and dry, but also consumes a lot of electricity. In this regard, GE Appliances, Haier Qingdao and Haier Europe "joined forces" to develop a Combo ultra-efficient washing and drying machine, which shortened the washing and drying time that the industry generally takes 6 hours to complete to 2 hours and saved energy by 50%.

　　Secondly, it breaks the shackles of industry boundaries and allows the wisdom of different industries to coexist. For example, in the traditional concept, although home and home appliances are highly related, they have always been in two parallel worlds. People should consider the unity of styles of home appliances, home furnishing and home improvement, and the size, color, shape and location should be perfectly matched. Three-winged bird will open up the home appliance and home furnishing industries, and consumers can customize the overall solution of home appliances and home furnishing in one stop according to their own needs. This new mode of home appliance integration subverts the traditional whole-house intelligent mode, but also brings new opportunities to some traditional home appliance and home appliance distributors, distributors and store operators. The construction of the brand of Three-winged Bird Scene has transformed Haier Zhijia from a smart home appliance to a smart home, opening up a new growth space, and at the same time realizing the transformation from products to scenes, bringing users the best life experience. By the end of 2023, Triwinged Birds had provided smart living solutions for 413,000 families.

　　Finally, the transformation of productive forces will also reconstruct production relations and open a new form of integration between consumers and producers. The identity of consumers will change greatly. They will become a "producer" from a single consumer and participate in the design and production process of enterprise products. On the user side, the intelligent interaction engine proposed by Haier Zhijia can customize the perception and stimulate effective demand through personalized interaction; On the supply side, flexible production can be realized through network collaboration and accurate allocation of resources. In this way, consumers can participate in the whole product design process. In Haier’s view, consumers are not bystanders, but promoters of new quality productivity.　　

Towards "world-class intelligent living ecological enterprise"

　　Haier Zhijia, which is going "new", has not only opened a new chapter in the upgrading and transformation of traditional household appliances, but also pushed it to "world-class intelligent living and ecological enterprise" and achieved global leadership.

　　At present, Haier has ranked first in the global retail volume of large household appliances brands in Euromonitor for 15 consecutive years, and achieved the first market share in six countries including the United States, Japan and New Zealand, and entered the top three in nine countries including India and Italy, and entered the top five in five countries including the United Kingdom and the Philippines.

　　Behind the dazzling achievements, Haier Zhijia insisted on the road of independent brand creation for more than 30 years. This road is risky, costly and has a long payback period, but it is a "difficult and correct road". In the 1990s, domestic enterprises set off a tide of "going out to sea", but most enterprises chose to do trade, because the threshold of OEM is low and it is easy to obtain immediate profits and scale. However, Haier Zhijia gave up such a relatively experienced way of "going out to sea" and chose to "make a brand" to carry out the "trinity" localization layout of R&D, manufacturing and marketing overseas.

　　The investment is large, the cost is high, and the financial data is not good-looking. Haier Zhijia’s "going out to sea" model has been questioned, and the road to brand creation is difficult and long. However, Haier Zhijia firmly believes that it is necessary not only to sell its products to the world, but also to take root in people’s hearts.

　　"I am a Haier fan. After I went to college, I chose Haier’s new life package. The product has been with me for four years; Now that I have graduated for more than ten years, I have taken up my job, got married and got married. I once again choose Haier household appliances. I think Haier is the representative of excellent brands. Haier is making progress and is trustworthy. I want more people to know this fact. " Mr. Yamato, a Japanese user, explained why he chose Haier Zhijia. After many years, Haier Zhijia finally ushered in the harvest period and gained a lot of fans overseas.

　　Haier Zhijia achieved the first market share in the United States and Japan through its own brand Haier and the acquisition of GE Appliances and AQUA. Moreover, it took Haier Zhijia only two years to turn GE Appliances, which had suffered losses for many years, into profit, and it took Japan Sanyo Household Appliances only eight months to turn losses.

　　How did Haier Zhijia do it to bring the enterprises that have suffered losses for many years back to life? This is due to the localization of its "trinity" and the mode of "one person and one person", which enables enterprises to achieve zero distance with users. It is also in the mode of "one person and one person" that employees’ enthusiasm is stimulated, and many innovations tailored to local conditions emerge one after another, which also makes Haier Zhijia gain a firm foothold in markets such as the United States and Japan.　　

　　With the footsteps of Haier Zhijia traveling all over the world, more miracles of win-win cooperation are still happening. When the "brief history of the future" of intelligent manufacturing opens, this new-quality productivity revolution, which originated in China, will also inject new vitality into the world economy.

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　　Source: China People’s Bank, wind information Cartography: Cai Huawei.

　　Preventing and resolving major risks is one of the three major battles in the decisive period of building a well-off society in an all-round way. Financial security is not only related to the overall economic situation, but also closely related to people’s lives. Especially in recent years, various emerging financial platforms and products have emerged in an endless stream. While solving the "pain point" of demand, new technologies and new means have also brought some hidden risks. Many financial security problems are emerging from people and gradually accumulating and expanding.

　　Starting from me, everyone is the first gatekeeper of financial risks by understanding financial knowledge, enhancing risk prevention awareness and cultivating a rational view of wealth. Starting from today, this newspaper launched a series of reports "Rejecting the financial risks around us", focusing on three areas that are closely related to daily life but also need to be regulated — — Consumer loan market, payment industry and internet insurance, introduce new financial products, rationally analyze possible hidden risks, explore ways to resolve risks, and make people’s financial life safer and more satisfactory.

　　Convenient and quick, refueling for consumption.

　　From high-end furniture, jewelry and antiques to digital products, refrigerators and televisions, consumer loans have supported the rapid development of the retail consumer market.

　　"In August this year, the whole family was preparing to travel abroad. At that time, it was just in time to pay the English training fee for the children. It cost about 70,000 to 80,000. Unfortunately, at that time, the money was a little tight, so I thought I could borrow some money." Xing Hui, an employee of a state-owned enterprise in Nanjing, finally chose a bank consumer loan with lower interest rate after comparing the products of banks and Internet financial platforms.

　　Because it was only a short-term emergency, Xing Hui borrowed it for one month, with a quota of 50,000 yuan, and the interest rate was three ten thousandths per day, so the annual interest rate was about 10%. "Maybe it’s because I had a good credit in the bank before, and the loan approval was particularly fast. Apply on mobile banking, and after a few hours, 50,000 yuan will arrive. " Xing Hui said. After the repayment, the bank called to show the consumption details, and Xing Hui photographed the payment voucher and sent it, which passed smoothly.

　　But recently, loans have not been so "loose". "I want to apply for short-term consumer loans these days, and I found that the bank’s pre-loan review is strict, and the materials required are more specific. Bank staff said that it is necessary to strictly review the use of loans at all levels to apply for consumer loans now. " Xing Hui said.

　　In addition to banks, consumers can also obtain loans from consumer finance companies, e-commerce platforms, Internet staging platforms and small loan companies. More and more young people are beginning to try new ways of consumer loans.

　　Wen Nie just graduated from school of visual arts, Shanghai, majoring in photography. During his internship at the TV station, Wen Nie had a wish to photograph the natural beauty of his hometown Shennongjia with drones. After comparing prices on various e-commerce platforms, Vinnie finally chose to buy a DJI UAV in 24 phases on an e-commerce platform, just in time for the interest-free activities of the platform, and the repayment for each phase was only 225 yuan.

　　"At that time, I could get an internship salary of more than 2,000 yuan per month, and the repayment pressure was not great, so I didn’t need to reach out to my parents for money. Now, I am used to buying various electronic products by installment, such as mobile phones and computers that I use now, all of which are bought in this way. " Vinnie said.

　　In recent years, consumption has replaced investment as the first driving force of economic growth, which is inseparable from financial support. According to the data of the People’s Bank of China, this year is 1-mdash; In September, residents added 1.49 trillion yuan of short-term consumer loans, which was 1.79 times that of last year. Consumer finance showed explosive growth. From high-end furniture, jewelry and antiques to digital products, refrigerators and televisions, there are corresponding financial services and products in various consumer fields.

　　"Residential sector loans include mortgage loans and consumer loans. In recent years, the financing balance of the residential sector has risen rapidly. By the end of 2016, the balance of residential mortgage loans in China was about 20 trillion yuan, and the balance of consumer loans was only five or six trillion yuan. Mortgage loans were equivalent to about four times that of consumer loans. In mature markets such as the United States, the debt balance of the residential sector exceeds that of the enterprise sector, and the proportion of mortgage loans and consumer loans is equivalent in the financing balance of residents. It is conceivable that with the development and upgrading of the consumer market and financial products in the future, there is still a lot of room for growth in consumer loans. " Ceng Gang, director of the Banking Research Office of the Institute of Finance of China Academy of Social Sciences, said that if the growth rate of 20% is predicted, the scale of China’s consumer credit will exceed 12 trillion yuan by 2020.

　　The down payment is not enough, and consumer loans come together.

　　Due to the differences in customer groups and risk control capabilities, the proportion of consumer loans provided by various financial and non-financial institutions may be higher.

　　While boosting people’s consumption, there are also many problems in the consumer loan market, such as numerous participating institutions, mixed fish and dragons, lax examination of the qualifications of lenders, and inadequate supervision of the amount and use. Coupled with the irrational consumption and borrowing of borrowers, consumer loans are transformed into "down payment loans" and "investment loans", which breeds potential risks.

　　At the beginning of this year, Chen Jing, an employee of a cultural enterprise in Beijing, wanted to change the school district for her children. Suddenly, the purchase restriction policy was introduced intensively, and Chen Jing panicked, fearing that the subsequent cost of buying a house would be higher and higher. The seller who talked about it also felt that he could not wait any longer, for fear that the house price would fall. Together, the two families decided to pay a quarter of the total price of the house as a down payment, and passed the house first.

　　I haven’t sold my house, and I have to pay millions of yuan for it. Where did so much money come from? Chen Jing pieced together several million yuan, and the remaining fund gap can only be solved by loans. "At that time, it was more convenient to apply for a loan from the bank. The bank saw that my previous credit record was relatively good, and quickly gave me a credit loan. The money was directly transferred to the account, and then I could control it freely. As long as the repayment can be made on time, the bank should not be too concerned about how to use the money. " Chen Jing said that the interest rate is acceptable, which is about 30% higher than the benchmark interest rate. "Now the mortgage has not been fully completed. When the mortgage and credit loan are paid together, the pressure is still not small, and it will cost about 40,000 yuan a month."

　　Chen Jing learned that in addition to this kind of loans directly transferred to the borrower’s account, some banks’ loans give the borrower a spending limit, which requires actual consumption behavior before they can be used. But this is not without a "flexible" approach, you can find a merchant to cash out, as long as you pay a certain handling fee.

　　"Now bank loans are much stricter, and it is difficult to get a maximum loan of 1 million yuan, which is basically about 300,000 yuan, and the interest rate has also risen a lot. Asked a few months ago, it is basically at least 40%. " Chen Jing learned that recently, it began to strictly investigate the flow of consumer loans, cracked down on down payment loans, and banks strictly controlled the misappropriation of personal consumer loans to purchase houses.

　　Looking at the unclear flow of consumer loans, we can’t just stare at banks. "There are also various types of financial and non-financial institutions that provide consumer loans, and there is also the possibility of entering the property market, and the proportion is higher. This year, the special rectification of Internet finance continued, and the number of platforms in peer-to-peer lending decreased, but the trading volume of platforms increased. The data shows that in the first half of the year, the national online loan turnover reached 1.93 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 72.81%. At the same time, the loan balance of small loan companies reached 960.8 billion yuan in the first half of the year, an increase of 31.3 billion yuan over the beginning of the year, which was the first time in the past three years. Online lending platforms and small loan companies do not monitor the flow of funds, and the possibility of misappropriation of funds is high. There are also a few platforms and intermediaries that directly provide loan support for the down payment of house purchases. " Dong Ximiao, a senior researcher at Chongyang Financial Research Institute of Renmin University of China, said.

　　Different customer groups and different risk control capabilities also make risks more concentrated in the field of consumer loans outside banks. "Different consumer platforms serve different people and face different risks. The customers served by commercial banks have stable income, good credit records, rational consumption concepts and relatively controllable risks. And serving students, migrant workers, blue-collar workers, etc. ‘ Long tail crowd ’ The risk of consumer finance platform will be higher. Under normal circumstances, the platform’s risk control ability is insufficient, and the consumption scene is missing. It will choose to cover high risks with too high interest rates. The consequences of this will breed circular risks, causing long-term borrowing, borrowing new and returning old, and inappropriate collection methods. " He Fei, a senior researcher at the Development Research Department of Bank of Communications, analyzed.

　　Fill the gap and protect consumers.

　　Some platforms have insufficient information disclosure, and the interest rate is not high, but when all kinds of expenses are added up, the comprehensive cost is very high.

　　The risk can’t be underestimated, but the turbidity current is not mainstream. Risk trigger points such as loan misappropriation and excessive borrowing are not the main reasons for the rapid growth of consumer loans.

　　"The real reason for promoting the growth of residents’ short-term consumer credit scale is that in the process of consumption upgrading, the credit demand space of retail customers is gradually opened. With the rising income level of residents and the improvement of consumption and payment technology, people’s demand for consumer financial products will become stronger and stronger, and the consumer loan market and the retail market complement each other and promote each other. " Ceng Gang said, of course, we should also pay attention to the possible impact of excessive leverage in the residential sector.

　　The "melee" between financial institutions and non-financial institutions should be changed, and all kinds of institutions engaged in consumer loan business should be strengthened in supervision, and unified regulatory standards and requirements should be applied without discrimination.

　　"The sources of lending funds for many platforms are unclear and there is a risk of long-term lending, which implies that the flow of funds between platforms is quite frequent. Supervision must first find out the source of funds for platforms. Secondly, it is necessary to conduct in-depth investigation on the customer acquisition method, risk control and scenario expansion of a single platform, and eliminate and clean up a number of informal consumer finance platforms. And check the legality of all subjects in the consumer loan ecological chain, including the consumer loan platform itself, the Internet giants and other diversion platforms, personal credit reporting pilot institutions, third-party collection agencies, third-party data providers, etc., and severely crack down on interest collusion and illegal interest transfer. " He Fei said that we can learn from some foreign experiences, strengthen supervision, and strengthen legislation and market access mechanisms. In particular, it focuses on the access standard, licensed operation, interest rate ceiling setting, loan use limitation, platform exit mode, etc.

　　There must be comprehensive and perfect consumer protection laws and regulations. Ceng Gang introduced that in mature markets such as the United States, institutions engaged in consumer credit have higher entry barriers, and the regulatory rules concerning retail business are more stringent than those concerning public business. These countries think that the customers of retail business are less able to identify risks than companies and need protection more. On the contrary, the consumer credit market has developed relatively late and its scale is not large. Before, it focused more on protecting the interests of financial institutions and neglected the protection of lenders. In the future, with the continuous development of the consumer loan market and more and more people involved, it is even more necessary to fill the gap and escort everyone’s financial life with regulations.

　　"Now some platforms have insufficient information disclosure. The interest rate mentioned is not high, but when all kinds of expenses are added together, the comprehensive expenses are very high. " Ceng Gang said that some platforms use this way to induce consumers to borrow excessively, without making borrowers fully aware of the troubles and consequences that high interest rates may bring to themselves. In particular, minors, or students who are not deeply involved in the world, have a vague understanding of risks and are more likely to over-consume and over-borrow.

　　In the long run, we should speed up the construction of an honest society and improve the personal credit information system. He Fei said that at present, the construction of China’s credit system is still difficult to support the rapid development of the credit society, and the personal credit information system lags behind the development of credit, which leaves a loophole for illegal platforms. The regulatory authorities should cooperate with public departments, formal financial institutions, licensed consumer finance companies, large-scale Internet platforms, personal credit reporting pilot institutions, large-scale data companies, etc. to jointly promote data information sharing and market-oriented credit reporting system construction and support the development of consumer credit business.

　　For individual residents, they should borrow reasonably and control leverage according to their own economic ability. Dong Ximiao said that in general, the monthly repayment expenditure should be controlled below half of the household income, and it is best not to exceed one third.

　　Consumer finance company’s products have small single credit line and fast approval; Internet consumer finance embeds consumption scenes.

　　Where can I apply for a consumer loan? (Extended reading)

　　At present, the institutions engaged in consumer finance business in the market can be roughly divided into four categories: commercial banks, consumer finance companies approved by the China Banking Regulatory Commission, Internet consumer finance, including e-commerce platforms and Internet staging platforms, and other institutions such as small loan companies.

　　commercial bank

　　Commercial banks engage in consumer finance mainly through the following three forms: first, holding or participating in consumer finance companies; The second is to cooperate with various e-commerce platforms to realize the extension of consumption scenarios. The third is to independently launch credit products and build an e-commerce platform. Commercial banks have a huge customer base and massive user consumption data, so they can provide diversified innovative credit products through the analysis of customers’ consumption habits and credit ratings.

　　consumer finance company

　　Consumer finance companies are positioned as a supplement to traditional banks, mainly targeting low-and middle-income groups and emerging customer groups. Compared with banks, it has unique advantages and competitiveness because of its small single credit line, fast approval, no mortgage guarantee and flexible service.

　　The current business models of consumer finance companies can be divided into three categories. One is mainly based on offline channels; A main online and offline e-commerce model; There is also a category that positions itself as an Internet finance company.

　　Internet consumer finance

　　With the popularity of the Internet, the combination of the Internet and consumer finance is closer, and all aspects of traditional consumer finance activities have realized electronization, networking and informationization, greatly improving the efficiency of consumer finance. Compared with traditional consumer finance, Internet consumer finance has distinct characteristics: massive data support, enhanced user experience, and the embedding and penetration of consumer scenes to make up for the lack of traditional consumer finance in the segmentation field.

　　According to the report released by the National Finance and Development Laboratory, Internet consumer finance includes the following representative modes: one is the consumer finance of e-commerce platform, represented by Ant Financial, Jingdong Finance and Suning Finance; One is Internet consumer finance in market segments; One is the main installment shopping Internet consumer finance platform; One is the platform that focuses on mobile credit.

　　Other institutions

　　There are also some microfinance companies involved in consumer finance. Take AEON Group as an example, its microfinance company in Shenyang provides customers with installment payment services for durable consumer goods such as household appliances and furniture, which can achieve 30-minute approval, fixed monthly repayment, and no need for credit card or mortgage guarantee.

　　(Ouyang Jie, Song Chao Chai Jin finishing)

　　Air pollution can be blown away by rain, and water pollution can follow river of no return, but once the soil is polluted, it will last forever. Choking smog and discolored river water mean the existence of air and water pollution, but it is difficult for ordinary people to distinguish polluted land from its appearance. Historically, soil pollution appeared together with water pollution and air pollution, but due to many problems such as complex causes, unclear rights and responsibilities, insufficient sources of funds and unclear profit model, the related governance has long lagged behind the governance of water and air.

　　In May 2016, the State Council promulgated the Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution ("Soil Ten Articles"), which opened the curtain of soil remediation. In November of the same year, the draft of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution was released, and the system design of prevention and protection, control and restoration was initially determined. In March this year, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the implementation opinions on implementing the "Ten Articles of Soil" and deployed to strengthen the prevention and control of soil pollution in agricultural land. The publication of a series of documents makes people pay great attention to the soil remediation industry.

　　Who comes first in prevention, control and restoration?

　　In the eyes of many people, contaminated soil remediation is a big cake in the environmental protection industry. Many people in the industry have estimated that the scale of the industry driven by it will reach several trillion yuan. With the introduction of "Ten Articles of Soil" and its supporting documents, it is found that it will take time for the industry to reach the target scale. According to the data provided by the Land Remediation Center of the Ministry of Land and Resources, the output value of soil pollution remediation industry in China is less than 1% of the total output value of environmental protection industry. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Environmental Protection also said that the document will promote the development of related industries such as soil environmental quality monitoring, investigation, evaluation, remediation and equipment and drug production. By 2020, it is estimated that the new output value of the environmental protection industry will be about 450 billion yuan.

　　Large-scale soil treatment is a worldwide problem, and its complexity and investment are far greater than air and water. The more difficult governance is, the more important prevention and control is. According to Chen Nengchang, a researcher at Guangdong Institute of Ecological Environment and Soil, the publication of a series of documents marks the change of the concept of soil pollution prevention and control in China, from one-size-fits-all index control to comprehensive prevention and control that emphasizes prevention first and risk control. The experience of soil pollution control in developed countries shows that the investment ratio of pollution prevention, risk management and control, and remediation is roughly 1∶10∶100. He believes that the essence of soil pollution prevention and control is to classify and rationally use land on the basis of protecting soil. Simple soil remediation is the last and last resort.

　　If soil pollution can’t be cured, it needs "pulse" first, and "prescription" is not just a dose of soil remediation. According to the plan of the Ministry of Agriculture, on the basis of detailed investigation and monitoring of cultivated land soil pollution, the environmental quality of cultivated land should be divided into three categories: priority protection, safe utilization and strict control, and classified management of cultivated land soil environmental quality should be implemented. Give priority to the protection of unpolluted and slightly polluted cultivated land, use moderately and slightly polluted cultivated land safely, and strictly control heavily polluted cultivated land. This means that for cultivated land with slight pollution, the planting structure can be adjusted and trees that do not absorb heavy metals can be planted; For those with particularly serious pollution, risk control, fallow farmland or ecological migration can be implemented instead of one-size-fits-all soil remediation.

　　At present, the central government has set up a special fund for the prevention and control of soil pollution, which is mainly used for the investigation, restoration and treatment of soil pollution. The Ministry of Agriculture has successively carried out pilot projects in Tianjin, Guangxi, Hunan and other places to control and repair heavy metal pollution in agricultural products producing areas, and launched demonstration projects for pollution remediation in nine polluted areas. For typical crops and pollutants, a demonstration area for comprehensive control and restoration of cultivated land pollution will be built, and 10 million mu of polluted cultivated land will be controlled and restored before the end of 2020.

　　Where does the repair fund come from?

　　Hechi City, Guangxi is one of the six pioneering areas for comprehensive prevention and control of soil pollution in China, which is determined by "Ten Articles of Soil". Sixteen years ago, a heavy rainstorm caused a tailings dam in Huanjiang County of the city to break, and tens of thousands of mu of cultivated land along the coast were polluted by heavy metals. In order to repair cultivated land, farmers once adopted the original method of sprinkling lime, but with little effect. According to the local characteristics, in 2005, the Institute of Geographical Resources of Chinese Academy of Sciences developed the intercropping restoration technology of super-enriched plants and economic plants. The government distributed Pteris vittata seedlings, Sedum alfredii seedlings and mulberry seedlings to the villagers free of charge to guide them in planting. Pteris vittata and Sedum alfredii are super-enriched plants, which have strong absorption capacity for heavy metals. By enriching heavy metals in stems and leaves, heavy metals in soil are taken away.

　　After the technology was mature, in 2010, with the support of 24.5 million yuan of central special funds for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution, the soil pollution control project around the Yangtze River was launched, which was the first farmland soil remediation project in Guangxi. With the mode of "local government leading, technical support from scientific research institutions and farmers’ active participation", the project has restored a total of 1280 mu of polluted farmland. Five years later, the output of agricultural products in the treatment area reached more than 90% of the local normal level, and the qualified rate of heavy metals in agricultural products reached 95%, and the project passed the acceptance. In the past, the cultivated land with no grain harvest is now a lush mulberry field.

　　The causes of soil pollution are complex, the treatment is difficult and the period is long, which requires huge financial support. The data show that from 2007 to 2015, among the 316 soil remediation projects with a total investment of about 9 billion yuan in China, the amounts from financial funds, self-raised funds and the combination of financial and self-raised funds were 63%, 14% and 21% respectively. "Remediation funds mostly come from finance, and it is difficult to form a reasonable profit model, which restricts the development of soil remediation industry. We must speed up the exploration of the market-oriented development of soil pollution remediation. " Xu Minggang, deputy director of the Division of Agricultural Resources of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, suggested that socialized governance should be strengthened, and the promised governance mode that the governance effect is linked to fees can be adopted.

　　"The pioneering area for comprehensive prevention and control of soil pollution itself is to innovate. Whether it is PPP or third-party governance, there must be predictable returns." The relevant person in charge of Hechi City Environmental Protection Bureau said that on the basis of the existing PPP model exploration pilot, the value of land resources development and utilization should be used as a bridge to integrate the restoration of polluted sites with the development of construction land, the restoration of polluted farmland with the development of planting industry, attract social capital investment, and the government and enterprises jointly control soil pollution and share the benefits of land development and utilization.

　　Where to find a good way to cure the soil?

　　"China’s research and development of soil remediation technology is about 20 years later than that of developed countries in Europe and America. There is still a big gap in remediation technology, equipment and application, which restricts the industrial development of domestic soil remediation technology." Liu Zhengjun, chairman of Hunan Yongqing Environmental Protection Group, said that at present, a considerable part of China’s restoration technologies and equipment are imported from abroad, which is expensive to purchase, high in equipment maintenance cost and poor in economy. Due to the differences in soil types and pollution levels, these technical equipment are "acclimatized". This requires domestic enterprises to develop practical remediation technologies and equipment with independent intellectual property rights and suitable for the characteristics of polluted soil in China.

　　Xu Minggang introduced that the treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil at home and abroad mainly starts from two aspects: first, activation means, that is, increasing the solubility and mobility of heavy metals, transferring heavy metals from soil solid phase to soil liquid phase through soil leaching, and then recycling and treating wastewater rich in heavy metals, which is also the main method adopted for heavy metal treatment in urban land at present. The second is passivation, that is, changing the existing forms of heavy metals in soil and reducing the bioavailability of heavy metals, thus reducing the absorption of heavy metals by crops. From the point of view of agricultural production, passive means is more in line with the development level of agriculture in China at this stage, which is economical, reliable and easy for farmers to master, and is conducive to large-scale promotion.

　　At present, the agricultural sector has launched a pilot application of typical farmland pollution control and remediation technology. Based on the type, degree and regional representativeness of soil pollution, pilot projects for the treatment and restoration of polluted paddy fields, vegetable fields and dry land will be implemented in batches in typical cultivated land pollution areas. According to the pilot situation, a number of applicable technologies with low cost, good effect and easy popularization will be formed, and a catalogue of recommended technologies for farmland management and restoration will be compiled and published.

　　Relevant experts told reporters that technology should be tailored to local conditions and comprehensively implemented. Taking the heavy metal pollution of cultivated land as an example, the cost of comprehensive restoration is high, such as repairing an acre with the method of alien soil, which costs hundreds of thousands of yuan; Some take a long time, for example, it takes decades for plants to absorb heavy metals. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably select one or more technologies such as external pollution isolation, irrigation water purification, low accumulation variety screening and application, water and fertilizer regulation, soil conditioning, alternative planting and so on according to the situation, so as to gradually realize crop safety production.

　　Economic Daily China Economic Net reporter Qiao Jinliang

Xinhuanet Washington, May 22 (Reporter Zhang Zhongxia) Experts from the University of California, Los Angeles recently said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency that after the earthquake, the health department should focus on monitoring water-borne infectious diseases and strengthen epidemic prevention.

Kimberly Shoafur, a disaster medical expert at the Center for Public Health and Disaster of the school, said that if there were some water-borne diseases in the disaster area before the earthquake, generally speaking, the health department would control them through public health measures such as disinfection. The earthquake will inevitably interrupt some health measures, so water-borne diseases may reappear after the earthquake.

Shao Afu said that for this problem, health and epidemic prevention personnel need to make up for the epidemic prevention force in time during the fragile period after the earthquake. Health and epidemic prevention personnel who go deep into the disaster area should also explain to people that the earthquake itself will not cause some infectious diseases and should not cause excessive panic after the disaster.

People in some earthquake-stricken areas may be worried that the decay of the victims’ remains will cause some diseases. In this regard, the expert said that under normal circumstances, many diseases between people are spread through secretions such as droplets in the respiratory tract, or through feces polluting food, water or the environment, and then spread through the way of "disease from the mouth", but the source of transmission must be living. Only when the corpse comes into contact with the water system and spreads the pathogenic bacteria of intestinal diseases can pollution occur, but the cases are limited.

Shao Afu also pointed out that the psychological trauma caused by the earthquake to survivors should be fully paid attention to. Mei Lite Schreiber, an expert who specializes in children’s psychological trauma after the disaster, told Xinhua that in a natural disaster like the Wenchuan earthquake in China, some children suffered serious psychological trauma, and even those children whose relatives survived may have psychological trauma. In the years after the disaster, these children may also have grief, depression and post-traumatic stress reaction.

Schreiber said that at present, there are a series of clinically proven psychological intervention therapies in the medical field, and the treatment targets are divided into adults and children. Psychological relief workers in earthquake-stricken areas in China can quickly determine which children have the most serious psychological trauma according to the mental health identification method in the medical field, and then adopt corresponding psychotherapy for treatment and nursing.