1905 movie network news A few days ago, the animated comedy film released its first preview, and DreamWorks’ much-anticipated brand-new animated IP unveiled its mystery! The film is based on the best-selling comics in the world. The senior animator of the series first directed the tube, the ace producer made a heavy effort, and the dubbing stars were shining. The Emmy winners of the Golden Globe Awards gathered to give a voice! This film is scheduled to be released in North America on April 22nd, 2022.

The League of Bad Guys is adapted from the popular comic book of the same name. Its original work has been published in 16 million copies worldwide and has been on the authoritative bestseller list for more than 120 weeks. This time, it is re-presented in the form of a movie, and the "bad guy style" is about to sweep the big screen. In the notice released today, five "bad guys" who commit all kinds of evils — — The handsome pickpocket "Big Bad Wolf", the well-informed safe thief "Greedy Snake", the calm and calm camouflage master "Beautiful Belly Shark", the irritable thug "Piranha" and the glib hacker expert "Hacker Spider" appeared on the scene. They are the most notorious "bad guys alliance" and have committed numerous robberies over the years. However, as the world’s most wanted gang, it decided to become a model citizen? Is this a deception or a sincere repentance? An unexpected and hilarious hilarious adventure was staged, which can be said to be full of expectations.

It is worth mentioning that the behind-the-scenes lineup of this film is very strong. Director Pierre Perifil is famous in the industry for his participation in the animation production of Kung Fu Panda series films. In addition, he also served as an animator for Shrek 4 and other films. In 2019, the animated short film "Rabbit Ear Bag Beaver" directed by him was shortlisted in the top 10 best animated short films of Oscar. Damon Ross and Rebecca huntly, the gold medal producers of DreamWorks, are escorting the film. They have been engaged in the development and production of many animations such as The Boss Baby’s Magic Hair Elf, which can be described as rich experience. In addition, the dubbing lineup of this film is also worth looking forward to. Many powerful actors, such as Oscar for Best Supporting Actor, Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in Movies-Musical Comedy, and Emmy Award for Best Supporting Actress in Comedy Series, poured their hearts out. They have different styles, but they cooperated seamlessly. The regrouping of the "Bad League" will surely bring a wonderful story of ups and downs, laughter and tears.

In addition, as a brand-new IP of DreamWorks, this film is not limited to the original, but has been re-created on the basis of inheriting the iconic elements in the book, as director Pierre Perifil said: "We have built a new story, but we are still faithful to the characters and related experiences in the original." Impressively, in the preview, the cool racing scene and the fierce action drama can be described as very eye-catching. In order to create the most distinctive picture, the film draws a lot of inspiration from animated films from different countries, and combines the action scene with the humorous interest in character design and animation style, and finally presents a happy and charming effect. The director bluntly said: "Our action scenes in this movie are very special, and you will never forget them!"

In 2022, "League of Bad Guys" will be released with laughter, so stay tuned!

　　Biography of Naruto: New Endurance Attack is a brand-new attempt of Naruto IP, which is different from the extreme storm series that is good at telling stories and performing effects. Naruto: New Endurance Attack focuses on online PVP. In this game, online battle of 4V4 is the main gameplay. Players compete with other players in different modes by teaming up, thus improving their level and dominating Endurance League. The biggest selling point of this game is the powerful customization system. Players will no longer play the role in the original, but create a unique "ninja" by customizing ninja, equipment and image. This also allows it to distinguish itself from the extreme storm series.

　　However, this insurmountable "mountain" is undoubtedly a difficult challenge for "Huo Ying: New Endurance Attack". From the previous preview, the first impression of the game is very profound, and the customized system with strong plasticity in 4V4 online battle has successfully attracted the attention of the original fans. Then, can "Huo Ying: New Endurance Attack" carry forward this IP on the road of the game like the extreme storm series?

The scene between Naruto and Sasuke is as bad as the scene where Batman’s parents died.

　　The story of "Huo Ying: New Endurance Attack" happened after the comic book Endurance World War, when Naruto had become Huo Ying. In order to better prevent future wars, Konoha organized a Endurance World League with other villages. The player is a contestant and comes to Muye Village to participate in the competition. Different from playing the original role in other Huoying games, in Huoying: New Endurance Attack, with the powerful custom system of the game, players can pinch out unique roles. The advantage of not controlling the original role is that players can participate in the battle in their own capacity, giving players the greatest sense of participation.

　　If you read the original, you will find that although there are many options for each part, most of them actually split the characters’ faces and costumes in the comics for players to choose from. If you don’t like the original role, you can make an identical one according to the role you like.

From head to toe, clothes to accessories can be customized, and you will often see all kinds of strange and fancy players in the hall.

　　The custom system of the game is not limited to the shape of the character, but can be reflected in the "avatar system" of the game. You can understand this system as a profession. Players decide their own role attack methods according to four basic types. Of course, you can switch at any time in the subsequent battles.

　　Avatars are mainly divided into attack, defense, shooting and healing. In fact, you can put them in the right place with other basic occupations that are common in online games. Attack is good at melee output, shooting is good at remote output, and most skills of defense are defensive. The more you play an auxiliary role in the team, the more you are a wet nurse, which can support your teammates. Each battle consists of a team of four players. Although theoretically speaking, it is reasonable to output one T and one wet nurse according to the matching of occupations, in fact, in this game, attack and shooting have a great advantage in the battle, and teams like 4 attacks, 2 attacks and 2 shots often appear, while Shouheyue rarely sees them play because of their low attack power.

The skills of the characters are all familiar moves in the original, and they can be combined at will according to different occupations.

　　Each class has two main skills and an arcane meaning, and the weapons it can carry are also different according to different classes. It should be noted that the professional customization system is very powerful. As long as the players upgrade their level, the obtained ninja skills can be matched at will. You can either let the characters open eight armor-dodgers and put spiral pills, or you can use them together with Deidara’s explosives.

Players can worship the characters in comics as masters and learn their unique skills by upgrading their level.

　　Of course, the system also provides players with a number of characters in comics. If you are tired of using custom characters, it is also a pleasure to use a set character.

As a random game, there are only 20 characters in comics available to players at present.

　　It should be noted that playing needs to be connected to the internet all the time. It is not easy to play smoothly. Besides having a good network environment, the server is often disconnected and stuck, which has become a "threshold" that hinders players’ smooth experience. At the same time, each battle needs to be matched on the basis of a player’s network. If the owner’s network is not good, the other seven people in the room will be stuck and affect the battle, or they will be kicked out of the room to match again. This situation of being kicked out without rhyme or reason appears very often in the game.

This is probably the most common interface you see when you experience the game.

For more information, please pay attention to:

The richness of a car configuration is related to the user’s car experience, so many people are concerned about its configuration today. Not much to say, let’s take a look.

First of all, from the appearance, the front face of Model Y has improved the grade of the whole vehicle and looks very sporty. Coupled with the sharp headlights, the grade of the whole vehicle has been improved. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, front fog lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, delayed closing and so on. Come to the side of the car, the car body size is 4750MM*1921MM*1624MM, the car uses sharp lines, giving people a very tough feeling, with large-sized thick-walled tires, giving people a very capable feeling. In terms of the rear end, the overall shape of the rear end echoes the front face, and the taillights give people a very tough feeling, and the shape is avant-garde.

Coming into the Model Y car, the interior of Model Y adopts a simple and generous shape, which highlights the layered effect. The steering wheel of the car is well designed and made of genuine leather, which gives people an impulse to control it. Let’s take a look at the central control, with a 15-inch touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, which makes the interior design quite layered, and the overall design of the central control is remarkable. The dashboard and seats are also eye-catching. The dashboard of this car presents a tough design style and looks very unique. The car adopts leather-like seats, which are wide and thick, improving the riding experience of drivers and passengers.

The Model Y is 357KW, the total torque is 659N.m, and the maximum speed is 250 km/h.

The space performance of the Model Y trunk is OK. If there are large items during the trip, you can put down the rear seats to expand the space. At the same time, the car is equipped with anti-lock braking (ABS), LED daytime running lights, brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.), braking force distribution (EBD), traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), main driving airbag, co-pilot airbag, side airbag curtain, front side airbag and other safety configurations.

Do you have the urge to buy a car after reading the whole article? Let me make a summary. This car has been introduced almost before, and I believe many users who buy a car have taken a fancy to its comfort and practicality.

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:CC weekly (id: cancer-weekly), Author: Zhang Yujiao (tenured professor of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center), original title: "Exclusive | These five groups of people cannot be vaccinated! Chinese scholars analyze the top ten problems of Pfizer vaccine, with the title from vision china.

Core summary

1. On the 10th local time, the US Food and Drug Administration（FDA）With 17 votes in favor, 4 votes against and 1 abstention, COVID-19 Vaccine Group decided thatThe benefits of using Pfizer /BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in adults aged 16 and over outweigh the known risks, and the COVID-19 Vaccine Team of FDA recommended that Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine be approved.This means that the last obstacle has been cleared before the COVID-19 vaccine goes on the market in the United States.

2. The vaccination effect of tumor patients receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy and patients undergoing bone marrow and organ transplantation needs to be studied. People who have been infected should also be vaccinated, but it is not recommended for pregnant women to be vaccinated. Patients with a history of severe allergies should also be carefully vaccinated.

3. At present, it can only be concluded that COVID-19 vaccine is valid for more than half a year.As for how long, we have to wait for the data to speak. According to the current state(Including the titer and maintenance of antibodies in early studies)It may be a year or so, I hope it will be longer.

4. The extent to which COVID-19 vaccine can reduce the chance of spreading virus after vaccination needs further study. Therefore,After vaccination, you need to wash your hands, wear a mask and be socially isolated.

On December 8th, the world’s first Pfizer COVID-19 mRNA vaccine was inoculated in the UK after the third phase clinical study confirmed its effectiveness. The 90-year-old lady told the media at the vaccination site with a strong British accent: "This is the best thing that has happened to me, both effective and free!" . The second vaccinator is an 80-year-old man. His name is William Shakespeare, and he has the same name as the great British writer.

On the same day, after three weeks of investigation, FDA issued a review statement: Pfizer vaccine has no safety concerns, and the effective rate can reach 52% after the first vaccination, and the effective rate will rise to 95% after the second vaccination, and the vaccine can significantly reduce the number of critically ill patients. FDA(US Food and Drug Administration)Decided to submit it to the expert Committee on vaccine efficiency and safety outside the FDA for public hearing, and the whole hearing will be broadcast live on national television.

By 30 FDA independent committees on vaccine efficiency and safety(composed of vaccine experts, doctors and representatives of the public)The hearing will be held from 9: 00 am to 5: 45 pm on December 10, US Eastern Time and December 11, Beijing Time.(Tubing, live broadcast by Twitter). Members of the Committee reviewed tens of thousands of pages of information in advance. After a heated debate, 17 votes in favor and 4 votes against the emergency use of Pfizer mRNA COVID-19 vaccine for adults over 16 years old.

At the hearing, Pfizer released detailed data for the first time. People over 16 years old, including those over 55 years old, have chronic diseases.(including heart and lung disease, cancer history)Those who have a history of HIV, HBV infection but have been controlled are all enrolled in the third phase of the study.

About side effectsMild to moderate discomfort at the inoculation site is very common. Moderate systemic reaction is about 18%, and serious side effects are less than 5%. The research is still going on, and the FDA requires Pfizer to submit updated information to the FDA in January until two years later.

About efficiency95% of the total protection efficiency occurred 7 days after the second inoculation. The protection efficiency of people of all ages and races is above 93%. It has a good protective effect on the history of basic diseases, including cancer.

At the hearing, the safety hazards such as patients with obvious immune deficiency, patients with severe allergic reactions, pregnant women and children were discussed. At the same time, the possibility of transforming mRNA into DNA and reducing the possibility of human-to-human transmission are discussed, and suggestions for future research are put forward, including further research on asymptomatic infected people.

The most controversial issue is whether teenagers aged 16 and 17 can be vaccinated, because there are only more than 100 people in this group in the study.. Some members are opposed to vaccinating teenagers aged 16-17, which is the main reason for voting against it. However, the FDA insists that because many 16-and 17-year-old children in the United States have started working in supermarkets, it is more dangerous.

On December 17th, another mRNA vaccine(Moderna Modena)An FDA hearing will also be held and approval is expected.

After nearly a year of long suffering, people finally saw the dawn. The British media said that "we are vaccinated with hope". However, in the face of more than 1.5 million lives lost around the world, we can’t help but sigh "too late". However, it is worrying that more than 37% of the American people are not willing to be vaccinated at present. They questioned"So soon? Is it safe? ！”

Take the United States as an example. Up to now, more than 15 million people in the United States have been infected with COVID-19, and nearly 300,000 people have lost their lives. The second wave of epidemic has just broken out in autumn and winter. Recently, there are 200,000 new cases and more than 2,500 deaths in the United States, far exceeding the first wave in July this year! At this exponential growth rate, if there is no vaccine and effective social isolation, the probability of each American being infected in 2021 will exceed 50%! Each of us should ask ourselves, should we be vaccinated, infected naturally, or locked up at home?The answer is obvious, we have no choice!

At present, nearly one million people have been vaccinated with four vaccines in China. However, the side effects of Pfizer vaccine, such as severe allergy, and whether some immunocompromised people, such as children, cancer patients, organ transplants, pregnant women and AIDS, can be vaccinated, and who can be vaccinated, have also become consistent issues and choices faced by China and the United States. However, the problems encountered in the vaccination of Pfizer vaccine and Modana vaccine in the United States and the United Kingdom will also serve as a reference for the China vaccine that will be widely vaccinated in the future.

First, who will be vaccinated first? What is the final goal?

According to the discussion results of CDC on November 30th, the order of COVID-19 vaccination is as follows:

First batch(From 15 December): frontline medical staff(20 million)And the elderly in nursing homes(millions).

So far, Pfizer will provide 40 million doses of vaccine before the end of the year; Moderna will provide 20 million doses before the end of the year.

Second batch(From January next year)Social necessities, including police, postmen, firefighters, dieters, school teachers, cleaners, food processors, etc.(nearly 90 million). Old people over 65 years old(fifty million).

The third batch: ordinary people(From March next year)It is estimated that more than 100 million people.

The fourth batch: young people and children under the age of 16(From May next year): tens of millions.

MD Anderson medical staff were among the first to be vaccinated. The hospital has subdivided the first batch of personnel:

At present, the Texas government has announced the distribution number of the first batch of Pfizer vaccines in major hospitals. MD Anderson Hospital will receive nearly 5,000 doses of COVID-19 vaccine on the 14th.(two doses for one person), should be able to supply all the clinical medical staff of 1a with vaccination.(The hospital has nearly 1,000 full-time doctors, more than 20,000 full-time employees, and nearly 30,000 people for further study.).

Goal:Strive to reach 70% vaccination rate after June next year, and promote group immunization.(95% effective rate x70% vaccination rate =66.5% immunization rate). In other words, we should stick to wearing masks and social isolation until the end of June next year.(Biden asked people to hold on at least until the end of April). Clear goals, but a long way to go! What should developing countries do if developed countries plan like this?

Figure/COVID-19 vaccine samples developed by Pfizer and BioNTech.

Second, should cancer and other patients with immunodeficiency, or people with severe allergies be vaccinated?

Should cancer and other patients with immunodeficiency, or people with severe allergies be vaccinated? At present, in the third phase of clinical research, tumor patients receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy, or patients with bone marrow and organ transplantation, HIV, etc., are not allowed to participate in the study because of potential immunosuppression. Therefore, the effect of these patients after vaccination is still a research problem. Related research is being prepared.Generally speaking, if radiotherapy and chemotherapy have stopped for more than one year, cancer patients can consider vaccination.

In addition, two cases of obvious allergic reactions occurred in the population vaccinated in the first week in Britain. Therefore,Experts warn patients with a history of severe allergies to be carefully vaccinated.

3. Should children and pregnant women be vaccinated?

In the current clinical study, neither pregnant women nor children under 12 years old were enrolled. Therefore,Vaccination for pregnant women is not recommended at present. As for teenagers and children(under 16 years old)No further data on safety and effectiveness will be available until May next year.

Fourth, should people who have been infected with COVID-19 be vaccinated?

For people who have been infected,Because the recently reported cases of secondary infection and natural immunity may only last for 3 to 6 months, and the immunity produced by natural infection is weak, they should be vaccinated.

5. How long can immunity last after vaccination?

Since most of the third phase of vaccine research began in July this year, the longest observation time is less than half a year. Therefore, we can only conclude that the validity period is more than half a year at present. As for how long, we have to wait for the data to speak. According to the current state(Including the titer and maintenance of antibodies in early studies)It may be a year or so, I hope it will be longer.

6. After vaccination, will it spread the virus to others? Do you still need to wash your hands, wear a mask and be socially isolated?

At present, the effective rate of mRNA vaccine is 95%, which means that the difference between the number of patients with symptoms accounts for the percentage of the number of patients with symptoms in the control group compared with the random control group that did not receive the vaccine. This is a standard algorithm widely accepted by epidemiology, and it is also a standard index of vaccine listing in the international community, not an invention of a manufacturer. Both Pfizer and Mardner’s vaccine trials rely on patients’ self-reports, and subsequent confirmation tests will only be conducted if there are related symptoms. Therefore, this calculation does not include asymptomatic patients; Secondly, the difference between the two groups in transmission to others has not been detected yet.

Can the vaccine reduce the chance of transmission to others? Scientifically, it should be, but the degree needs further study. Therefore,After the vaccination, it is not necessary to wash your hands, wear masks and be socially isolated. Let’s stick to it for a while and wait for further data.Moreover, the vaccine is not 100% effective, in case you belong to the 5% ineffective population!

Figure/Relevant data of Pfizer vaccine

7. How many times should I be vaccinated? What are the side effects?

Current vaccines all requireInoculate twice. If you only plant it once, the effect will be greatly reduced. Moreover, there must be an interval of three weeks between two times.(Pfizer)Or around.(Mardner). At the same time, the vaccine from the same manufacturer must be vaccinated, even though they are all mRNA vaccines.

As for the side effects, it is a three-point poison. It is an ideal to cure all diseases without side effects; More accurately, it is a fantasy; Be strict, it’s nonsense!

This year, according to the recommendation of CDC in the United States, I have been vaccinated against influenza.(once a year, inactivated vaccine)And herpes zoster vaccine.(Protein vaccine, over 50 years old, administered twice). COVID-19 vaccine is expected to be vaccinated in late December. I don’t have much discomfort after getting the flu vaccine. However, every time I have been vaccinated with herpes zoster vaccine, I have intermittent fever for more than 24 hours, and sometimes fever also causes my whole body to tremble, and my arm is red, swollen and painful for nearly a week. However, I know that these are normal phenomena and belong to mild and moderate side effects.

Based on the available data, most of the side effects of COVID-19 vaccine last for 1-2 days. Common injection site pain, erythema/redness, or fatigue.（Moderna）9.7%, Pfizer（Pfizer）3.8%, fever, chills, muscle aches（ Moderna）8.9%, joint pain（Moderna） 5.2%, headache　（Moderna）4.5%, Pfizer（Pfizer） 2%。

Long-term side effects need to be followed up in the fourth phase after marketing.

Judging from the information released,MRNA vaccine appears severe(three degrees)The side effect was severe fatigue, accounting for 3.7%. Overall, it is very safe.Mild and moderate discomfort similar to a cold is very common and normal. Please be patient!

Figure/After the first vaccination, patients will get a card to remind them to get the second vaccination on time.

8. Will the new virus mutation affect the effectiveness of the vaccine?

The answer is possible. For example, the mutation rate of influenza virus gene is high, so a new vaccine against influenza in that year should be vaccinated every year. And AIDS has always been because the virus mutates too fast, so far there is no vaccine.

Fortunately, according to the current epidemiological survey, Nature Communications magazine published an article in November this year to study 46,000 cases of COVID-19 virus from different periods around the world, and found that the probability of COVID-19 mutation is relatively low because of its unique proofread inspection mechanism, which is undoubtedly the gospel of the vaccine. At the same time, the mRNA vaccine can be modified according to mutation and then reproduced, which is much easier to operate than the terminal protein vaccine. For example, the gun has been built, just need to modify the structure of the warhead.

9. Why should vaccine storage be at MINUS 70 degrees?

Pfizer vaccine needs to be stored in a freezer at MINUS 70 degrees Celsius for a long time, and it can only be stored in a refrigerator at 2 ~ 7 degrees Celsius for 5 days. Moderna vaccine can be stored for a long time in the freezer at MINUS 20 degrees, and can be stored in the refrigerator at 2 ~ 7 degrees for one month. The reason why RNA is sensitive to temperature is that it is easy to degrade with the increase of temperature. Moderna vaccine is relatively thermotolerant, which may be related to the composition and structure of its lipid carrier. This partly explains that the side effects of Moderna vaccine seem to be a little high.

AstraZeneca’s vaccine is an adenovirus strain, which requires lower temperature and can be stored for half a year at 2 ~ 7 degrees. And is suitable for developing countries.(Note: Freund’s temperature F is used in American charts). However, the comprehensive effective rate of AZ vaccine is about 70%. Subgroup analysis showed that the effective rate of the first low dose group was 90%. However, because this group of people is young.(under 50 years old)And it is not designed in advance. Therefore, it is recognized by the industry as 70% efficient.

Photo/Pfizer is building a "frozen farm" the size of a football field to store vaccines in Kalamazoo, Michigan. Pfizer’s vaccine must be stored below the ultra-low temperature of 70 degrees.

X. Why do Britain and America prefer mRNA vaccine?

On December 2nd, Britain took the lead in approving Pfizer’s vaccine and started vaccination on the 8th. Today, the vaccine has also been approved in the United States, and it is expected to start nationwide vaccination on the 15th. On the 17th of next week, the FDA of the United States is very likely to approve the mRNA vaccine of Moderna, and it is possible to start vaccination on the 22nd. Apart from the fact that these two viruses first completed the phase III clinical randomized study, what factors made the world look at the mRNA vaccine with new eyes?

Thirty years ago, I transferred from tumor immunology research to a brand-new field of tumor gene therapy. At the MD Anderson Cancer Center in the United States, my colleagues and I spent seven years constructing a retrovirus, adenovirus and nanoliposome-mediated anti-cancer gene transformation mode and animal tumor model, which not only contributed to the first patient’s cancer gene therapy in human history, but also made a Nasdaq-listed company. I have published more than a dozen papers myself, won two patents for gene therapy, and obtained a doctorate in tumor biology within four years. After that, I decided to return to the clinical front line and started five years of standardized training for clinical oncology residents.

Retroviruses have the longest gene transformation rate and maintenance time, but unfortunately they will be integrated into the DNA of human hosts. Some scholars are worried about the possibility of cancer. At present, this gene transformation method has been rarely used in cancer treatment.

Adenovirus will not be integrated into human DNA, but it is toxic to cells and will cause immunity to adenovirus vectors. This may explain the side effects of AstraZeneca COVID-19 adenovirus vector vaccine and the change of the initial dose to the effective rate.The high dose of the first vaccination may stimulate a stronger immune response against adenovirus vector, which may affect the results of the second vaccination. Therefore, it is better to use a low dose for the first time).

However, nanotechnology liposome itself has little influence on the immune system, and the general mRNA will not be reverse transcribed and integrated into human DNA, but it will express the protein to be transmitted in human cells for a short time.(For example, COVID-19 spinous protein activates the immune response and then gradually subsides), the best security. However, I used DNA plasmid at that time; Because DNA is much more stable. At that time, everyone knew that RNA extraction and preservation were very difficult, and there was no precedent for successful transformation of mRNA gene.

Gene transfer with COVID-19 spinous protein mRNA as the main body mediated by lipid carrier can avoid errors and potential side effects in the process of DNA transcription, so that spinous protein can be efficiently expressed in human cells in a short time, and the immune response of the body can be activated, which can produce specific antiviral antibodies and immune killer cells more effectively than natural infection. Although the gene expression is short-lived, activated B cells and T cells have their own memories, which can destroy or inhibit the virus for a long time. At the same time, this mRNA will not reverse transcribe into DNA, and will not be integrated into the host DNA, which is safe and reliable.

For decades, the method of mRNA gene transfer has been a dream of scientists. Katalin Kariko, the founding partner of Moderna, the inventor of mRNA technology and a Hungarian-born American scientist, has been on the bench for 40 years, and was originally prepared to set up Moderna to engage in mRNA cancer vaccine. As a result, a Cheng Yaojin COVID-19 was killed halfway.

When scientists in China announced the gene sequence of COVID-19 on January 10th this year.(including spinous process protein)Later, the researchers in the United States and Germany changed hands, but they were unwilling to plant flowers and flowers. Fortunately, this spinous protein was finally proved to be a good immunogen of COVID-19, and COVID-19 mRNA vaccine appeared on the scene. This is an important breakthrough in human science and technology, and it is also the result of the joint efforts of scientists from all over the world.

In contrast, inactivating virus vaccine is a mature method, and this traditional method is adopted in the annual influenza vaccine. Its research and development success rate is high, so it is widely used. However, it is difficult to control the temperature during inactivation, which brings some difficulties to quality control. Therefore, the production capacity is limited. At the same time, the added chemicals will also bring some side effects.

Generally, the effective rate of inactivated influenza vaccine is between 50% and 70%. At present, the early toxicity and antibody positive rate of domestic COVID-19 vaccine with inactivated vaccine as the main body and adenovirus vector have been reported. Volunteers can tolerate mild and moderate side effects, and the antibodies are positive after injection. However, positive antibody does not guarantee that it has sufficient protection. The effective rate must be obtained in the three-phase randomized study with control group. Because the epidemic situation in China is well controlled, the corresponding research must be carried out in other countries with high incidence.

Up to now, the epidemiological efficiency of the strict phase III clinical randomized study of vaccines in China has not been reported, and the world is eagerly awaiting it. I believe the final conclusion will be heard in the near future.The advantages of inactivated vaccine and adenovirus vector vaccine are that they are less affected by temperature, easy to store and transport, and more suitable for developing countries.

Due to the potential advantages of technological innovation and high antigen purification and expression, such as improving vaccine efficiency and productivity and reducing side effects, when the effective rate of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine reached 95%, the industry unanimously hailed this major breakthrough. More importantly, there are almost no seriously ill patients among the vaccinators.

Many people think that this is the arrival of God’s grace! Developed countries such as the United States and Britain have booked the products of these two companies in advance. China’s Fosun Company also signed a cooperation agreement with Pfizer and has completed the first phase of clinical trials. It is expected that the related Phase 2 will be launched in China soon.(Non-random)Clinical research to obtain the approval of China FDA.

Figure/A nurse and patient in California. In many parts of the United States, the pressure on the health system has been overwhelmed and is on the verge of collapse at any time.

Although American health insurance and the government will pay the cost of vaccination, another difficulty is that more than 37% people in the United States are not at ease with the vaccine and are not prepared to vaccinate immediately. In this regard, three former presidents of the United States, Bush, Clinton and Obama, said that they would vaccinate under the observation of the media at the first time as a platform for vaccine safety.

Because the vaccine is for normal people, it is not a "medicine", not to treat patients, but to prevent diseases. Meanwhile, for COVID-19 vaccine, the population to be vaccinated is billions of healthy people, including children.Therefore, its safety must be much stricter than that of "medicine".Therefore, if time is not pressing, all new vaccines should wait for a long time.(more than 2 years)The data will be finally approved. But in the face of a serious epidemic, this is irrational. The regulations that allow emergency use are designed for this situation.

At present, FDA requires that the last patient should be observed for at least 2 months after entering the Phase III clinical study to ensure that there are no serious acute side effects. Moreover, regulators must strictly control the use of these new vaccines from the beginning. The initial use of these vaccines is limited to those who need them most-doctors, nurses, other health care workers, and the elderly in nursing homes. Regulators also need to continue to closely monitor the side effects of vaccines already on the market.(so-called Phase IV Clinical Study). With the accumulation of data in the first two months of next year, the range of vaccinators will be further expanded.

The development of human society always strives for survival first, and then for improvement and perfection.

When the hopes of the whole world are pinned on the COVID-19 vaccine, the hardest work has just begun. We know that the best antiviral function of the vaccine will not be realized until two weeks after the second vaccination.In other words, for most people, December this year, January and February next year will be the darkest moments in the medical history of the United States since the Spanish influenza pandemic in World War I.

According to Dr. Fauci, director of the Institute of Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health, it is estimated that by March next year, about 500,000 people in the United States will die in COVID-19, surpassing the number of deaths in World War II in the United States.(about 400,000). Regrettably, some people in the United States still refuse to wear masks and social isolation. Up to now, 37% people are skeptical about vaccines, and the epidemic prevention work has a long way to go!

Controversy over vaccines(Inoculation or non-inoculation, domestic or imported)The reason and background are very complicated, and it will not stop for a while. As a scientist and a doctor, I care most about yourself! Vaccinate, not only for others, but also for yourself!

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:CC weekly (id: cancer-weekly), Author: Zhang Yujiao (tenured professor of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center)

　　The reference news network reported on October 30.On October 24th, the website of Tanzania’s Daily News published an article entitled "How the Belt and Road Initiative is Changing the African Economy" by George Montu. The article is compiled as follows:

　　This year marks the 10th anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative.

　　Through infrastructure investment and regional cooperation, the Belt and Road Initiative has enhanced the connectivity between China and the rest of the world.

　　It should be pointed out that although the Belt and Road Initiative was put forward by China, it belongs to the whole world and benefits all mankind. Empirical evidence shows that the Belt and Road Initiative has accelerated the economic development of African countries and promoted regional integration in Africa.

　　In the 10 years since the "Belt and Road Initiative" was put forward, the cumulative trade volume between China and Africa has exceeded 2 trillion US dollars. As direct flights have been opened between Nairobi and Changsha, a city in central China, Kenyan flowers can be sold to China businessmen in Changsha and its surrounding areas.

　　According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China, China’s investment in Africa has grown steadily. In the first half of this year, China’s new direct investment in Africa reached US$ 1.82 billion, a year-on-year increase of 4.4%. At present, there are more than 3,000 China enterprises "deeply ploughing into Africa", and private enterprises account for more than 70% of China’s non-enterprises and they are the pillars of China’s investment in Africa.

　　Statistics from Tanzania Investment Center show that from 1997 to August 2023, thousands of China projects were registered in Tanzania, creating about 150,000 jobs.

　　The Belt and Road Initiative has contributed to poverty reduction in Africa. According to the World Bank’s forecast, by 2030, the "Belt and Road" international cooperation will lift 7.6 million people out of extreme poverty and 32 million people out of moderate poverty.

　　Since the beginning of this century, China has built more than 6,000 kilometers of railways, 6,000 kilometers of highways, nearly 20 ports and more than 80 large-scale power facilities in Africa.

　　In Tanzania, we see that China contractors are undertaking many flagship infrastructure projects, including the fifth and sixth sections of Tanzania Central Line Standard Gauge Railway, dodoma Msarato International Airport, Kigongo-Busisi Bridge and so on.

　　These strategic infrastructure projects will greatly facilitate the flow of goods and people in related fields, reduce energy consumption and telecommunications costs, and improve Tanzania’s investment environment. Despite the aforementioned benefits, some westerners claim that China is using the Belt and Road Initiative to exploit Africa. They fabricated concepts such as "debt trap diplomacy" and "opaque pricing" to tarnish the image of the "Belt and Road Initiative".

　　These accusations are groundless. Look at Africa’s infrastructure. The Belt and Road Initiative is helping Africa achieve transformation, and no African country has fallen into the so-called "debt trap". Over the years, African countries have failed to make progress due to backward infrastructure and the lack of willingness of traditional partners to help finance important infrastructure construction.

　　However, since China became an economic power, it has been actively involved in providing assistance to the strategic infrastructure construction for promoting economic growth in African countries.

　　Because of the effectiveness of the Belt and Road Initiative, Africa’s traditional development partners who have been exploiting for a long time find it difficult to compete with this initiative proposed by China, because it is based on long-term friendship and win-win cooperation.

　　Obviously, the Belt and Road Initiative provides a platform for African low-and middle-income economies to achieve remarkable growth in infrastructure construction, job creation and trade opportunities.

　　As Tanzanian President Samia Suluhu Hassan said during his meeting with the Supreme Leader of China president in Johannesburg in August this year, Tanzania and other developing countries have benefited a lot from the joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative.

　　We Africans know what we need and who our true friends are. The denigration of the Belt and Road Initiative by some Westerners will not affect our judgment on this grand strategy put forward by China but shared by all mankind. (Compile/sha li)

　　On February 22, Cheng Jiguang and his wife finally reunited with their son Cheng Xueping, who had been separated for more than 30 years. The family wept with joy. Image source: Huaxi Dushi Bao police for the picture

　　In early spring and February, in northern Sichuan, the atmosphere of the New Year has not yet dispersed, and rape blossoms have begun to spit yellow dew gold. On February 22nd, Qin Yujie, from Jize County, Handan City, Hebei Province, traveled thousands of miles with his wife and children and rushed back to his "home" in nanbu county, Sichuan Province.

　　At the age of 3, Qin Yujie was separated from his parents. In order to find him, my father traveled all over China with pickles on his back. In Handan, because he pronounced "shoes" as "children", he was called "Southern Baby" by the villagers. All along, he has been looking for his biological parents.

　　Finally, with the help of Sichuan police and Hebei police, the DNA comparison of father and son who have been separated for more than 30 years was successful. On February 22nd, the family finally reunited.

　　The hug that came 30 years late said "stop crying" but tears kept flowing.

　　On the 22nd, Qin Yujie finally returned to Chengjiawan Village, Xingsheng Township, nanbu county. One kilometer away, you can see the banner of "Welcome Baby Home", the sound of firecrackers, and the enthusiastic villagers came from Shili Baxiang to meet them. The whole mountain village is boiling, which is more lively and festive than New Year’s Eve.

　　After more than 30 years, the blood relationship has been cut off. On this day, Qin Yujie confirmed that his original name was Cheng Xueping. Parents and sons hugged each other tightly, crying with joy, constantly wiping tears for each other and comforting each other "stop crying".

　　Send the prepared banner and take a group photo with the police, volunteers, family members and neighbors … … Qin Yujie is very busy. In order to celebrate the return of wanderers and the reunion of their loved ones, the family has already prepared a reunion dinner, competing with each other to pick up food for each other. Although there are tears in their eyes, the smile at this time is so sweet.

　　Passion surges, tears mingle with joy, holding my son’s hand, touching and checking the marks left on his head when he was young, asking, talking, caring and attaching … … A pair of fiery eyes are wet, and I can’t wait to spit it out after decades … …

　　The youngest son disappeared in Guizhou, and his father searched half of China with pickles on his back.

　　It dates back to 30 years ago. Cheng Jiguang and Gao Lingzhen, who live in Chengjiawan Village, Xingsheng Township, nanbu county, Sichuan Province, are hardworking and simple, living an ordinary and happy life. In July 1985, their son was born and named Cheng Xueping. In order to raise it well, I also took a nickname "Wa Wazi". The birth of a son added a new hope to this small family.

　　Originally, Xiaoxueping was taken by her grandmother, but Cheng Jiguang and Gao Lingzhen were going to work in Guizhou, and they were reluctant to leave their son at home, so they took him to Guizhou. Who knows that after about 20 days in Guizhou, the child disappeared.

　　One day in July 1988, Cheng Xueping, who was only three years old, was playing on the construction site, but in the evening, when Cheng Jiguang and his wife were busy all day, they found that their son had disappeared and immediately looked around the construction site. At that time, Cheng Jiguang thought that his son might be playing nearby, and he might be able to find it later, but a few hours later, his son still disappeared. After that, Cheng Jiguang and his wife began to embark on a long road to find children.

　　In order to find their son, the couple not only spent their savings from working for many years, but also owed a lot of debts. Due to lack of money, Cheng Jiguang had to carry dry food and pickles, and searched all over the country for his missing son, and searched most of China. Later, Cheng Jiguang and his wife entered the DNA blood sample data into the national abduction DNA database.

　　Nanwaiwa in rural Hebei pronounced "shoes" as "children"

　　At an early age, Qin Yujie of a village in Jize County, Handan City, Hebei Province felt different from other children in the village. He always pronounces "shoes" in other people’s mouths as "children", so he is often laughed at, and others say that he is a baby from the south.

　　Gradually, Qin Yujie knew that he was not his father’s own, and that his father was just a foster uncle. The "foster uncle" was single when he adopted him, but later he got a wife and his own children, so he was ready to give him away.

　　Qin Yujie, who was ignorant and afraid, begged the "foster grandmother" not to give herself away again. The kind "foster grandmother" let the eldest son adopt Qin Yujie and become his adoptive father.

　　In the adoptive father’s home, Qin Yujie has never had a birthday for 30 years. He is bent on finding his biological parents and "home" and wants to know where he came to Hebei.

　　DNA screening breaks through the fog and finds the son who has been separated for 30 years.

　　God helps those who help themselves. In July 2018, nanbu county police received a notice from their superiors that the DNA blood samples of Cheng Jiguang and his wife were highly similar to those of a man named Qin Yujie in the blood bank. After learning the news, Wang Hao, the squadron leader in charge of abduction, immediately contacted Qin Yujie to learn about his basic situation. However, at that time, Qin Yujie was a DNA blood sample left when he was working in a foreign country, leaving no identity information and contact information, and had already left his place of work. This clue was interrupted. Nanbu county police did not give up, further strengthened investigation and contact, and finally found out Qin Yujie’s identity information.

　　In November 2018, in order to ensure accuracy, the abduction police contacted Cheng Jiguang and his wife for a second DNA blood sample collection while looking for Qin Yujie. At the beginning of this year, Sichuan police contacted the police in Jize County, Handan City, Hebei Province, and found Qin Yujie who was highly similar to the "target object" and collected DNA blood samples sent by Hebei police.

　　On February 15th this year, the DNA comparison finally got the result, and the physical evidence appraisal institute of Nanchong City Public Security Bureau issued an appraisal document. The appraisal result showed that Cheng Jiguang and Gao Lingzhen were Qin Yujie’s biological parents respectively.

　　On the same day, the policeman Wang Hao informed Cheng Jiguang and his wife of the results for the first time, and the couple immediately burst into tears of joy. Huaxi Dushi Bao-Cover News

　　Reporter Wu Liufeng

　　The picture is provided by the police

　　Xinhua News Agency, Tokyo, November 23rd (Reporter Ma Caoran, Qian Zheng) Japanese nonferrous metal giant Mitsubishi Materials Co., Ltd. announced on the 23rd that its subsidiaries Mitsubishi Electric Wire Industry and Mitsubishi Shentong had falsified product data, and the number of affected enterprises reached 258.

　　The announcement pointed out that the number of rubber sealing rings produced by Mitsubishi Electric Wire Co., Ltd. from April 2015 to September 2017 was found to have tampered with the data, reaching about 270 million, involving 229 customers. Among them, there are 70 aerospace customers. This product is widely used in automobiles, ships, aircraft engines and other equipment. Unqualified products involve ships and aircraft engines of the Japanese Self-Defense Force.

　　The copper products produced by Mitsubishi Shentong Ruosong Manufacturing Co., Ltd. from October 18, 2016 to October 17, 2017 had data tampering, and the problem copper products reached 879 tons, involving 29 customers. This material is mainly used in automobile industry, and Mitsubishi Shentong tampered with the most important strength data.

　　Mitsubishi Electric Wire and Mitsubishi Shentong discovered the problem as early as October this year, but they did not announce it to the public, which was strongly criticized by the outside world.

　　In addition, Mitsubishi Aluminum, a subsidiary of Mitsubishi Materials, was also exposed to data fraud. However, the company said that it has confirmed the product quality and safety to all customers and did not disclose more information.

　　This is the second time that Japanese manufacturing companies have exposed data fraud scandals. Previously, Kobe Steel Works was also exposed to product data fraud, while Nissan and Subaru were exposed to "quality inspection doors". The product quality control that Japanese companies were proud of was repeatedly questioned by the outside world. Some analysts pointed out that data fraud has the risk of expansion within the Japanese non-ferrous metal industry.

　　Mitsubishi Materials is a Japanese nonferrous metal giant, which was reorganized by Mitsubishi Metals and Mitsubishi Mining in 1990. In fiscal year 2016, the operating income reached 1.3040 trillion yen, the net profit was 28.3 billion yen, and the number of employees reached 25,000.

　　"Getting a national project can not only improve the technical ability, but also recognize the enterprise. Others may look up at us and talk about cooperation. However, these projects are so high that it seems difficult for us to reach them … …”

　　In our reporter’s survey of 121 enterprises in Chengdu and Mianyang, Sichuan Province, Zhengzhou and Luoyang, Henan Province, and Hangzhou and Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, enterprises generally reflect that in recent years, the state has introduced some policies and measures to support and encourage enterprises to undertake national projects, but many enterprises still have many obstacles when applying. They appealed that enterprises should be given enough trust, the funds of national projects should be put into practice, and the utilization efficiency of scientific and technological resources should be improved.

　　Project application "emphasizing name over strength"

　　Some government departments do not trust enterprises, especially private enterprises.

　　■ When an enterprise applies for a project, the evaluation expert carefully digs the sentence and format of the application materials until the project is dragged down.

　　This year, Zhang Yue (a pseudonym), the marketing director of a private enterprise in Zhejiang, is going to apply for the project of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology for the third time. Based on the consideration of further improving the technical level, the company applied for intelligent manufacturing related projects of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology twice in the first half of 2016. At the beginning, Zhang Yue was full of confidence: "The project we applied for is closely related to our own business, and the company has rich application experience in this field. It has made service plans for more than 150 customers, which is one of the best in the industry. Moreover, the company is one of the key recommended enterprises when it is judged in the province, and its strength is definitely no problem. "

　　The results of the selection were not as expected by Zhang Yue. When the project was announced, she found that most of the selected research institutes had the background of central enterprises. Zhang Yue told reporters that she had called the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to inquire about the shortcomings of the enterprise so that it could be improved next time. The reply was often "there are many experts, and the opinions of the evaluation may be different". "There are many departments involved in the project, and it is not clear where it failed".

　　"In this way, we don’t know where to start if we want to improve." Zhang Yue said that although the company intends to continue to apply, it has experienced several previous failures and always feels lacking in confidence.

　　Similar to this situation, it is difficult for many powerful enterprises to realize their desire to take science and technology projects to a higher level. A private manufacturing enterprise engaged in automobile-related industries in Zhejiang Province invests a lot of money in product innovation and upgrading every year. In 2015, the enterprise applied for a national project to improve its industrial basic capacity and could enjoy a loan with relatively low interest rate. To the regret of Wan Fang (pseudonym), the chief executive officer of the enterprise, the government, banks and other supporting units and enterprises have been busy for quite a while, and finally "draw water with a sieve".

　　"After the project was approved, we submitted the materials to the lending bank, but because the handling department did not understand the private enterprises, there were many concerns. The project approver invited an expert to make a third-party evaluation. This expert made comments from the feasibility study report, and was very careful about the sentence and format of the materials. After repeated revisions, it exceeded the planned time. " Wan Fang said, we understand the expert’s caution, but this expert may not know the market operation mode of the automobile industry, because unfamiliarity with each other increases the communication cost between the two sides. "For example, experts ask us what to do if the project is unsuccessful? In fact, for the automobile industry, the project we reported must be an industrialized project. Because enterprises that cannot be put into production have to pay the bill, there must be a market to apply for the project. "

　　More unfortunately, in August 2016, the state introduced a new policy, and this kind of project loans need to implement the benchmark interest rate, which has no practical significance for enterprises to reduce financial costs, so the project ran aground.

　　Enterprises generally reflect that some government departments don’t know enough about enterprises, especially private enterprises, and they don’t trust enough, and it is often these innovative start-up private enterprises that need the most support. "It doesn’t matter if the project is given to universities, research institutes and central enterprises, even if it is wrong, but it is more cautious to allocate the project to enterprises, especially private enterprises." Some entrepreneurs said.

　　A person in charge of an enterprise said that at present, some national-level projects require enterprises to jointly apply with universities and colleges, with the original intention of using the resources of universities and colleges to provide technical support for enterprises. But in fact, many colleges and universities are not as good as enterprises in developing new technologies and products.

　　Many business leaders call for equal treatment of colleges and universities, large enterprises and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises in national project evaluation, and should focus on the technical level and matching degree, rather than weighing the nature and size of institutions.

　　"Radish" applies for "tailor-made"

　　Expert opinions from enterprises are often ignored.

　　■ Some project guides even list the number, brand and model of computers. As long as they are released, they are dishes in people’s bowls.

　　"The application guide is written like this, and these conditions are set. People with a clear eye in the industry will know who these projects are for at a glance, and the projects have been divided when the guide is released." Speaking of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" major new drug project released in a certain year, the person in charge of a biomedical enterprise in Chengdu is a little depressed.

　　The person in charge said that the national strategy originally only pointed out the direction, but some guidelines set some unnecessary conditions, and even the target of making drugs was obvious, which was almost equivalent to the "radish" application. "It’s like buying a computer. First, you have to specify what brand you want, then you have to specify 13 inches, and at the same time you need red. These conditions are basically exclusive, and there are only a few that meet the requirements."

　　What surprised the person in charge even more was that some of the projects that won major special projects were not innovative drugs at all, and some pharmaceutical companies had no innovative ability, and in theory they were not even qualified to participate in major special projects. He also mentioned that a national research institute accounted for nearly one-third of the national major new drug projects in a certain year. "This study all senior academicians, research level is very severe. But in this industry, I know each other’s level, and our level is not worse than theirs. "

　　The "routine" of the project guide is not unique in the biomedical field. In the survey, some enterprises reported that the terms of many project application guidelines were "tailor-made" for some colleges and universities or some enterprises related to them. "Some project guides even list the number, brand and model of computers. As long as they are released, they will be dishes in people’s bowls." A person in charge of the company said.

　　Enterprises also report that when some departments prepare the project application outline and catalogue, most of the time they only discuss it among experts and professors, and rarely consider the demands of enterprises, and the proportion of experts from enterprises is also very small. Because they don’t understand the market, some countries are far away from the market when they set up their projects, and even have fallen behind the market. During a project exchange, a technical backbone of an enterprise discovered that a national project on machine tools was ready for research and development, and it was planned to introduce foreign advanced technologies and concepts. In fact, this company has developed similar products long ago, and it is far better than the project to be established.

　　"This is a huge waste of scientific and technological resources, which really makes people laugh and cry." The technical backbone said.

　　Calvin (pseudonym), the chief engineer in an enterprise, is an authoritative expert in the field of machine tools in China. He has participated in the guide discussion and project review in related fields, but he soon found himself speechless and his opinions have no weight. "Some management departments don’t seem to want experts from enterprises to participate. Some invited experts are not experts in sub-fields, and they often write ‘ Stereotyped writing ’ Materials, even say some ‘ Reach the world advanced level ’ If it is not realistic, the real experts of these words dare not say it easily. "

　　Many enterprises suggest that it is necessary to fully absorb the participation of scientific and technological backbones of enterprises in the formulation of scientific and technological plans and project application, so that enterprises can have full voice to better connect with the market and avoid the waste of scientific and technological resources.

　　"Red Top Intermediary" took the opportunity to make a profit

　　The newspaper materials just according to the declaration guidelines are often not evaluated.

　　■ An intermediary agency said to the enterprise: "We guarantee that it can be evaluated! The condition is that 30% of the project funds will be collected as ‘ Consulting fee ’ "

　　Applying for high-level national projects has always been the wish of Henan Xintian Technology. Over the years, enterprises have been trying to declare major projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology, but they have been defeated repeatedly and never succeeded. In 2016, an intermediary agency took the initiative to find a company, and the other party said: "We will sort out the materials and declare them through us to ensure that we can evaluate them! The condition is that 30% of the project funds will be collected as ‘ Consulting fee ’ 。”

　　"This is not standardized. How dare our company do it? Moreover, 30% of the project funds will be taken away, and the enterprise may have to pay money after the project is completed. " Liu Chang, director of Xintian Technology, told reporters.

　　Like Xintian Technology, many entrepreneurs said that they often met intermediaries under the banner of consulting services during the application process. The reason why these intermediaries have living space is that many enterprises have difficulty in applying for projects, and they have resources to help smooth the relationship.

　　A person in charge of an enterprise in Sichuan said: "All projects have a declaration guide, but if you look closely at this guide, you will find that only 20% of what should be said & mdash; 30%, if you only report the materials according to the guide, you will definitely not be evaluated. Only by consulting the intermediary can we find out clearly and write materials that meet the requirements, and ‘ Consulting fee ’ It is about 30% of the project funds & mdash; 40%。”

　　"Enterprises to apply for national science and technology projects, if you don’t know how to evaluate the project and what is the key, you can’t apply at all, which is actually a kind of ‘ Unspoken rules ’ 。” Hai Jie, assistant general manager of Chengdu Zhenxin Technology, said that some small start-up enterprises or overseas startups may have technology, but they are unfamiliar with the environment and have no industry resources, so they need to consult in all aspects. However, some information governments can’t provide consultation, and enterprises sometimes have to go to third parties such as organizations affiliated to trade associations for consultation. This third party often plays the role of "intermediary".

　　Unbalanced distribution of resources

　　The proportion of enterprises that are not in first-tier cities or coastal developed areas receiving project support is low.

　　■ Project review experts have almost become "brothers". You take some this year and I will take some next year. It is always those people and enterprises who get the project.

　　In the survey, enterprises in Sichuan and Henan generally reflect that the distribution of scientific and technological resources in China is not balanced enough, and the proportion of enterprises that are not in first-tier cities or coastal developed areas receiving project support is low. Taking the biomedical field as an example, an entrepreneur in Chengdu told reporters that in recent years, Beijing and Shanghai have received almost the majority of biomedical research projects.

　　"The relevant departments mainly invite experts from Beijing in the review of biomedical science and technology projects, and it has long been ‘ Brothers ’ 。” The entrepreneur told the reporter that every time he participated in the defense of the major new drug special application of the Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Development and Reform Commission, although the defense effect was very good, because people in the "circle" were not familiar with the situation in the west, they had to do a lot to get a share.

　　The entrepreneur said that the "brothers" are very familiar with each other, and they basically greeted each other before the review. You take some this year, I will take some next year, and the cake will be cut and cut. "It’s always those people and enterprises who get the project, who are dying and starving to death."

　　In order to optimize the allocation of scientific and technological resources, enterprises believe that the evaluation of scientific and technological projects should be based on strength. At the same time, we should give consideration to fairness and encourage innovation. We can try to set the corresponding proportion in different cities. The proportion in first-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai is higher, but some relatively remote cities should also have a certain proportion. "Science and technology resources can’t always be concentrated in a certain region and a few systems."

　　(Reporter Yu Siwei, Yu Jianbin, Zhao Yongxin, Feng Hua, Jiang Jianke, Liu Shiyao, Gu Yekai)

　　In order to further standardize the supervision and management of agricultural financing guarantee funds in Guangxi, promote the healthy and sustainable development of agricultural burden system in Guangxi, and improve the efficiency in the use of funds, recently, the Department of Finance of the Autonomous Region and the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the Autonomous Region issued the Measures for the Management of Business Reward Funds of Guangxi Agricultural Credit Financing Guarantee System (hereinafter referred to as the "Administrative Measures"). The "Administrative Measures" consists of six chapters, which mainly defines the scope of supplementary awards, supplementary awards standards, application and disbursement, system construction, budget performance management and supervision and inspection.

　　First, clear the scope of financial support for agricultural compensation awards

　　According to the spirit of the documents such as the Notice on the Measures for the Administration of Agriculture-related Transfer Payment Funds, the Notice on Further Improving the National Agricultural Credit Guarantee Work and the Notice on Further Improving the Agricultural Credit Guarantee Work to Help Rural Revitalization, combined with the actual situation of agricultural credit guarantee work in our region, the Finance Department of the Autonomous Region strongly supports the construction of agricultural credit guarantee system in Guangxi. Raise funds to give a supplementary award to Guangxi Agricultural Credit Financing Guarantee Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Guangxi Agricultural Bank Company) for its policy-oriented agricultural bank business that meets the requirements of "double control", focusing on supporting agricultural production (including agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery production and farmland construction) and industrial integration projects directly related to agricultural production, highlighting the production support for important agricultural products such as grain and pigs. Focus on supporting agriculture with small scale and low fees. The guarantee scale is limited to a single household’s guaranteed balance of no more than 10 million yuan, the guarantee rate charged to the loan subject of policy-based agricultural undertaking business is no more than 0.8%, and the comprehensive guarantee rate after financial subsidy (the sum of the loan subject and financial subsidy) is no more than 3%. Adhere to the service tenet of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers, firmly grasp the positioning of policy-based guarantee, and scientifically and reasonably determine the preferential guarantee rate.

　　Two, standardize the use of funds application process

　　In order to improve the standardization, accuracy and effectiveness of the application for supplementary awards, the Administrative Measures clearly require Guangxi Agricultural Support Company to submit an application for supplementary awards for agricultural support in the previous year to the Finance Department of the autonomous region and other departments according to the completion of the policy guarantee business in the previous year before the end of January each year. The Department of Finance of the Autonomous Region shall summarize and preliminarily examine the application funds, and submit them to the steering committee of agricultural credit financing guarantee in the whole region for deliberation, and allocate and use the supplementary award funds for the guarantee business issued by the central government in accordance with the relevant provisions of the centralized treasury payment system, constantly standardize the procedures for fund application and use, improve the efficiency in the use of funds, promote financial integration in the whole region, and help realize high-quality and efficient agriculture, livable and suitable rural areas, and rich farmers.

　　Third, improve the construction of agricultural credit guarantee system

　　The Department of Finance of the Autonomous Region encourages Guangxi Nongdan Company to carry out business cooperation with the pilot institutions of agricultural credit guarantee in cities and counties, and includes the cooperative business that meets the conditions of supplementary award policy into the scope of support of supplementary award policy, establishes and improves the agricultural credit guarantee system led by Guangxi Nongdan Company and supported by the agricultural institutions in cities and counties, constantly improves the construction of agricultural credit guarantee system in the whole region, promotes the coordinated development of all institutions of agricultural credit guarantee system, promotes farmers’ income and wealth, and injects "flowing water from the source" into the implementation of rural revitalization strategy.

　　Fourth, strengthen performance management and supervision and inspection

　　The Department of Finance of the Autonomous Region, together with the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the Autonomous Region and other departments, will further strengthen the whole process budget performance management of supplementary award funds for guarantee business, strictly evaluate the performance of supplementary award funds, effectively use and manage supplementary award funds, and continuously improve the scientific, refined and professional management level of fund budget performance. Strengthen the supervision and inspection of the audit and supervision of the use of supplementary award funds for guarantee business, prevent financial risks, improve the efficiency of the use of supplementary award funds for guarantee business to benefit farmers and enterprises, give full play to the leverage of financial funds to support agriculture, incite financial living water to promote agricultural development in Guangxi, and help Guangxi’s agricultural industry upgrade.

　　American historian Jeffrey Kay

　　[Global Times reporter Yu Jincui] What did the Fort Detrick military base and more than 300 biological laboratories located in nearly 30 countries such as Ukraine do? Jeffrey Kay, an American historian, said in an exclusive interview with the Global Times reporter recently, "I think the United States is carrying out a secret biological weapons project." Jeffrey Kay has long devoted himself to studying the black history of American germ warfare in the Korean War. Before retiring, he opened a psychological clinic in San Francisco to help people who were abused by the CIA. He is the author of "The Cover-up of Guantá namo Bay", which exposes the evils of torture in the United States. He told reporters that the documents published by the United States in recent years have "really hammered" the use of biological weapons by the United States in the Korean War. Moreover, as the only country that has used nuclear weapons, chemical weapons and biological weapons in many wars, the United States still shows a dangerous tendency to continue to use related weapons, which worries the world. More importantly, the US government has been trying to cover up the truth, doing whatever it wants, and opposing the establishment of a verification mechanism in the Biological Weapons Convention. What the international community needs to do is to urge the United States to disclose more information and form an investigation team with high-level authorities.

　　"The U.S. military used biological weapons that were highly similar to the 731 troops of the Japanese invaders in the Korean War."

　　Global Times: You have long studied the historical data of the germ warfare carried out by the United States in the Korean War, and called the documents related to the germ warfare published by the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) "the last piece in the puzzle that can prove that the United States carried out the germ warfare." What did you find after consulting the declassified documents of the CIA? Why is there enough evidence to prove that the United States carried out germ warfare during the Korean War?

　　Jeffrey Kay: We can be 100% sure that the United States engaged in germ warfare during the Korean War. This is based on the evidence provided by hundreds of witnesses to different investigators over the years, the uncensored documents available to the US Department of Defense, the contact records between the Korean People’s Army and Chinese people’s Volunteer Army intercepted by the US during the Korean War, and some recent statements by officers of the US Air Force and Marine Corps about germ warfare.

　　In 2010, the 60th anniversary of the Korean War, the CIA decided to declassify some highly confidential documents. I found that there were more than 20 internal reports of the Chinese and North Korean armed forces that were hit by American germ warfare. These documents were intercepted by the US security department for translation and analysis. From these documents, I found that many Chinese and North Korean troops reported to their commanders that they were attacked by bacterial weapons, such as DDT was needed to help kill infected insects, the supply was destroyed, and attack force could not move because of biological weapons. These real-time contact records obtained by the United States prove the occurrence of bacterial attacks.

　　Global Times: Referring to the use of biological weapons by the United States during the Korean War, we would like to know why it was not until recent years that American war crimes were confirmed by documents decrypted by the CIA.

　　Jeffrey Kay: In the United States, a lot of information about the Korean War is confidential, and some of it has not been released yet. It was only recently that I was shocked to find that during the Cold War, from 1951 to 1965, the US Customs and other departments intercepted a large number of materials from the Soviet Union, China, North Korea and Eastern European countries, including the fact that the United States used biological weapons in the Korean War. However, the United States declared that "these are political propaganda of relevant countries" and destroyed the materials.

　　Global Times: At the end of World War II, the United States stepped up its efforts to improve bacterial weapons and hooked up with demons like the 731 troops of the Japanese invaders. The biological laboratory in Fort Detrick, USA, is inextricably linked with the 731 troops of the Japanese invaders. Shiro Ishii, the head of the heinous 731 troops, was a biological weapons consultant in Fort De. You think that the biological weapons used by the United States in the Korean War may be related to the Japanese Army Unit 731, and suggest that the international community should form an investigation team to investigate this. Why is it so difficult to push the investigation? Where is the resistance?

　　The Cover-up of Guantanamo by American historian Jeffrey Kay

　　Jeffrey Kay: The biological weapons used by the U.S. military in germ warfare are highly similar to those studied by the Japanese Army Unit 731. I don’t know if they are exactly the same, because many documents are confidential. But for anyone who knows this history, it is very possible that the two are related. The US Army Chemical Corps is mainly responsible for the US biological warfare plan. In an internal document in 1953, the Corps mentioned North Korea’s "limited war" and how to use biological weapons as a "temporary policy" in order to improve short-term combat effectiveness. I think these "temporary policy weapons" are the types of weapons adopted by Japanese 731 troops, such as feather bombs (infecting birds’ feathers with viruses) and insect weapons used in China. After the United States signed an agreement with Japanese Army 731 and Ishii Shiro, the Korean battlefield actually became a large-scale experimental site for the biological weapons heritage that the United States "inherited" from Japan.

　　As for why it is so difficult to promote the investigation of the United States, or why it is so difficult to make people interested in this matter, part of the reason is the legacy of the Cold War. The American government and other western governments are very hostile to anyone who exposes their crimes. We can look at what happened to julian assange. Assange exposed American war crimes in Iraq and Afghanistan, and ended up in a British prison today, struggling to refuse extradition to the United States. I don’t know how to explain it. This is shocking. To a great extent, the United States is like a totalitarian government that has infiltrated control into academia and the media. Some people worry that if they promote the information on the public use of biological weapons in the United States or call for an investigation, their careers will be ruined. So, they said nothing. People are afraid to take action. I have seen this scene many times, which is very sad.

　　"The United States dares not announce the truth about the global biological laboratory"

　　Global Times: In recent years, the international community has questioned the Fort Detrick biological laboratory in the United States and a large number of biological laboratories in the United States around the world, especially in the Russian periphery (CIS countries). Strange biological virus disasters have occurred in many countries such as Kazakhstan, and calls for the United States to make the truth of these laboratories public have come and gone. Does what the United States has done conform to the provisions of the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC)? Are you worried about the practice of the United States to set up more than 300 biological laboratories around the world?

　　Jeffrey Kay: Yes, many people are worried that the United States and possibly some other countries are violating the Biological Weapons Convention. There are many secrets in these laboratories — — After the escalation of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the relevant documents of Ukrainian laboratories were destroyed, taken away or removed. The U.S. government may say that their overseas biological laboratories are mainly to cooperate with other countries to monitor existing biological threats, including biological weapons attacks from nature and possibly from other countries. But in fact, everyone who has a deep understanding or even a little knowledge of the biological weapons programs of the United States and other countries knows that there is usually only a very fine line between whether the research is for the purpose of defense, such as monitoring biological pathogens, or for the purpose of attack. In fact, when I studied the Korean War, I found that more than one biological weapon research was confirmed under the banner of "defensive biological weapon research". As early as 1948, the chairman of the Advisory Committee of the US Army Chemical Corps once said: "The offensive application of using insects as a medium to deliver biological agents is called ‘ Control insects ’ The defensive research institute covers it up. "

　　We can’t say exactly what the United States is hiding now, but we do know what the United States has been opposed to. For a long time, the United States has opposed the establishment of the verification mechanism of the Biological Weapons Convention, which has led to the "toothless" international convention, and the United States can do whatever it wants without being censored.

　　Global Times launched a joint signature campaign in August last year.

　　Global Times: The U.S. government recently sent out confusing and contradictory information about the Ukrainian biological laboratory. What do you think the U.S. biological laboratory is doing in Ukraine? Why has the United States repeatedly rejected the request of the international community to investigate its overseas biological laboratories? What are they worried about or afraid of?

　　Jeffrey Kay: The United States needs to disclose relevant documents that can explain what these laboratories are doing. But the problem is, they won’t do it. I think the United States also needs to disclose the whole truth about the biological warfare program 70 or 80 years ago, because unless you understand the history and secrets of the biological warfare program in the United States and the relationship between the biological warfare program and the CIA and academia, you can really understand what these laboratories are doing. But now, all you hear in America is bad words about Russia, because Russia accuses the United States of using birds to spread biological pathogens. The United States has been planning to study the bird migration model and pathogens for a long time, especially in the 1960s and 1970s, and reported it to Fort Detrick as part of the biological warfare plan. What the United States needs to do now is to disclose all the files. We need to decrypt documents dating back to the end of World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War, so that we can understand what the United States has done in hundreds of biological laboratories. But they dare not do so because they are afraid that once they do so, it will be proved that the United States has violated the Biological Weapons Convention. As early as the late 1940s, the US government decided to keep all its ongoing biological weapons research highly confidential, and this confidentiality has continued to this day. I’m still trying to collect information, but I think a secret biological weapons project is going on.

　　"The United States has a dangerous tendency to use these weapons again."

　　Global Times: Let’s talk about Fort Detrick again. You once said, "Fort Detrick was and still is the research center of American biological warfare. As early as the 1950s, they cooperated closely with the CIA and established in Fort Detrick ‘ Special Operations Department ’ Specializing in the manufacture of biological weapons. " You have also noticed that many biological weapons researchers in Fort Detrick died suddenly after the U.S. military carried out the germ warfare in the Korean War, but the U.S. military never announced the investigation on this matter. Why do Americans keep silent about this?

　　Armed soldiers stand guard outside the US Army Institute of Infectious Diseases Medicine in Fort Detrick.

　　Jeffrey Kay: The American public is silent because they don’t really understand what happened in Fort Detrick. The American public is told lies, or they just don’t want to know — — It is the basic psychology of human beings to always believe that the government is good and has not done bad things or committed terrible crimes. This is a kind of blind obedience, which American culture has always encouraged. For many years, Fort Detrick has been the center of American biological warfare research. Other regions and places, such as the Dagway proving ground in Utah, are also related to the American biological weapons experimental program, and now these overseas laboratories are added. Everything in Fort Detrick is kept secret. This culture of secrecy has lasted for generations, and the whole American political culture is strengthening it, which is hard to break.

　　Exclusive interview with Global Times

　　Global Times: From the perspective of the Korean War, the germ warfare in the United States has been "hammered". With such a black history and the constant discovery of various evidences, how can the international community conduct an in-depth investigation of American biological laboratories around the world? What do you suggest?

　　Jeffrey Kay: First, we need to expose more information. If people don’t know the information, they won’t take action or put pressure on the US government. There is no reason to hide what happened decades ago, unless it would be embarrassing to expose the war crimes that happened at that time. All information related to the Korean War and the Vietnam War should be made public. Japan denies that the 731 troops used germ warfare, which is very bad. America is almost as bad. The United States (in the past) did not admit that it had used chemical and biological weapons, and for many years it has been covering up its alliance with the Japanese germ warfare forces. Therefore, we need to expose them and investigate these war crimes. As far as I know, China invited scientists to China in 1952 to investigate the use of bacteriological warfare by the United States in northeast China during the Korean War. They set up an international investigation team on bacteriological warfare, including famous scientists from all over the world. The investigation team was led by Joseph Needham, a famous British scientist. We need this level of authority to participate in the survey, so that the world can believe the results of the survey. What we need now is to ask the United States to disclose relevant information.

　　Exclusive interview with Global Times

　　Global Times: The United States used nuclear weapons against Japan in World War II, biological weapons in the Korean War and chemical weapons such as Agent Orange in the Vietnam War. It can be said that the United States is the only country that used these three weapons of mass destruction in actual combat. As a historian, how do you define these behaviors in the United States?

　　Jeffrey Kay: As far as modern and contemporary history is concerned, it is first known that Germany attacked enemy livestock, such as horses and sheep, with slugs and pathogens during World War I. Japan was the first country to use chemical and biological weapons against human beings on a large scale. From the late 1930s to the 1940s, Japan used bacteria as a weapon through the invasion of China by Japanese Army 731 and related military units. Later, the US government also used biological weapons during the Korean War. The United States has also been accused of using biological weapons in Cuba and East Germany.

　　Obviously, whether using biological weapons against North Korea, China, Cuba and other countries, or using chemical weapons against Vietnam, these are all crimes. Although I am mainly committed to exposing the crime of using biological weapons in the United States, other weapons are equally terrible and dangerous. The United States has shown a dangerous tendency to use these weapons, and many people in the world are worried that the United States will use them again.

　　American historian Jeffrey Kay

　　[Global Times reporter Yu Jincui] What did the Fort Detrick military base and more than 300 biological laboratories located in nearly 30 countries such as Ukraine do? Jeffrey Kay, an American historian, said in an exclusive interview with the Global Times reporter recently, "I think the United States is carrying out a secret biological weapons project." Jeffrey Kay has long devoted himself to studying the black history of American germ warfare in the Korean War. Before retiring, he opened a psychological clinic in San Francisco to help people who were abused by the CIA. He is the author of "The Cover-up of Guantá namo Bay", which exposes the evils of torture in the United States. He told reporters that the documents published by the United States in recent years have "really hammered" the use of biological weapons by the United States in the Korean War. Moreover, as the only country that has used nuclear weapons, chemical weapons and biological weapons in many wars, the United States still shows a dangerous tendency to continue to use related weapons, which worries the world. More importantly, the US government has been trying to cover up the truth, doing whatever it wants, and opposing the establishment of a verification mechanism in the Biological Weapons Convention. What the international community needs to do is to urge the United States to disclose more information and form an investigation team with high-level authorities.

　　"The U.S. military used biological weapons that were highly similar to the 731 troops of the Japanese invaders in the Korean War."

　　Global Times: You have long studied the historical data of the germ warfare carried out by the United States in the Korean War, and called the documents related to the germ warfare published by the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) "the last piece in the puzzle that can prove that the United States carried out the germ warfare." What did you find after consulting the declassified documents of the CIA? Why is there enough evidence to prove that the United States carried out germ warfare during the Korean War?

　　Jeffrey Kay: We can be 100% sure that the United States engaged in germ warfare during the Korean War. This is based on the evidence provided by hundreds of witnesses to different investigators over the years, the uncensored documents available to the US Department of Defense, the contact records between the Korean People’s Army and Chinese people’s Volunteer Army intercepted by the US during the Korean War, and some recent statements by officers of the US Air Force and Marine Corps about germ warfare.

　　In 2010, the 60th anniversary of the Korean War, the CIA decided to declassify some highly confidential documents. I found that there were more than 20 internal reports of the Chinese and North Korean armed forces that were hit by American germ warfare. These documents were intercepted by the US security department for translation and analysis. From these documents, I found that many Chinese and North Korean troops reported to their commanders that they were attacked by bacterial weapons, such as DDT was needed to help kill infected insects, the supply was destroyed, and attack force could not move because of biological weapons. These real-time contact records obtained by the United States prove the occurrence of bacterial attacks.

　　Global Times: Referring to the use of biological weapons by the United States during the Korean War, we would like to know why it was not until recent years that American war crimes were confirmed by documents decrypted by the CIA.

　　Jeffrey Kay: In the United States, a lot of information about the Korean War is confidential, and some of it has not been released yet. It was only recently that I was shocked to find that during the Cold War, from 1951 to 1965, the US Customs and other departments intercepted a large number of materials from the Soviet Union, China, North Korea and Eastern European countries, including the fact that the United States used biological weapons in the Korean War. However, the United States declared that "these are political propaganda of relevant countries" and destroyed the materials.

　　Global Times: At the end of World War II, the United States stepped up its efforts to improve bacterial weapons and hooked up with demons like the 731 troops of the Japanese invaders. The biological laboratory in Fort Detrick, USA, is inextricably linked with the 731 troops of the Japanese invaders. Shiro Ishii, the head of the heinous 731 troops, was a biological weapons consultant in Fort De. You think that the biological weapons used by the United States in the Korean War may be related to the Japanese Army Unit 731, and suggest that the international community should form an investigation team to investigate this. Why is it so difficult to push the investigation? Where is the resistance?

　　The Cover-up of Guantanamo by American historian Jeffrey Kay

　　Jeffrey Kay: The biological weapons used by the U.S. military in germ warfare are highly similar to those studied by the Japanese Army Unit 731. I don’t know if they are exactly the same, because many documents are confidential. But for anyone who knows this history, it is very possible that the two are related. The US Army Chemical Corps is mainly responsible for the US biological warfare plan. In an internal document in 1953, the Corps mentioned North Korea’s "limited war" and how to use biological weapons as a "temporary policy" in order to improve short-term combat effectiveness. I think these "temporary policy weapons" are the types of weapons adopted by Japanese 731 troops, such as feather bombs (infecting birds’ feathers with viruses) and insect weapons used in China. After the United States signed an agreement with Japanese Army 731 and Ishii Shiro, the Korean battlefield actually became a large-scale experimental site for the biological weapons heritage that the United States "inherited" from Japan.

　　As for why it is so difficult to promote the investigation of the United States, or why it is so difficult to make people interested in this matter, part of the reason is the legacy of the Cold War. The American government and other western governments are very hostile to anyone who exposes their crimes. We can look at what happened to julian assange. Assange exposed American war crimes in Iraq and Afghanistan, and ended up in a British prison today, struggling to refuse extradition to the United States. I don’t know how to explain it. This is shocking. To a great extent, the United States is like a totalitarian government that has infiltrated control into academia and the media. Some people worry that if they promote the information on the public use of biological weapons in the United States or call for an investigation, their careers will be ruined. So, they said nothing. People are afraid to take action. I have seen this scene many times, which is very sad.

　　"The United States dares not announce the truth about the global biological laboratory"

　　Global Times: In recent years, the international community has questioned the Fort Detrick biological laboratory in the United States and a large number of biological laboratories in the United States around the world, especially in the Russian periphery (CIS countries). Strange biological virus disasters have occurred in many countries such as Kazakhstan, and calls for the United States to make the truth of these laboratories public have come and gone. Does what the United States has done conform to the provisions of the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC)? Are you worried about the practice of the United States to set up more than 300 biological laboratories around the world?

　　Jeffrey Kay: Yes, many people are worried that the United States and possibly some other countries are violating the Biological Weapons Convention. There are many secrets in these laboratories — — After the escalation of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the relevant documents of Ukrainian laboratories were destroyed, taken away or removed. The U.S. government may say that their overseas biological laboratories are mainly to cooperate with other countries to monitor existing biological threats, including biological weapons attacks from nature and possibly from other countries. But in fact, everyone who has a deep understanding or even a little knowledge of the biological weapons programs of the United States and other countries knows that there is usually only a very fine line between whether the research is for the purpose of defense, such as monitoring biological pathogens, or for the purpose of attack. In fact, when I studied the Korean War, I found that more than one biological weapon research was confirmed under the banner of "defensive biological weapon research". As early as 1948, the chairman of the Advisory Committee of the US Army Chemical Corps once said: "The offensive application of using insects as a medium to deliver biological agents is called ‘ Control insects ’ The defensive research institute covers it up. "

　　We can’t say exactly what the United States is hiding now, but we do know what the United States has been opposed to. For a long time, the United States has opposed the establishment of the verification mechanism of the Biological Weapons Convention, which has led to the "toothless" international convention, and the United States can do whatever it wants without being censored.

　　Global Times launched a joint signature campaign in August last year.

　　Global Times: The U.S. government recently sent out confusing and contradictory information about the Ukrainian biological laboratory. What do you think the U.S. biological laboratory is doing in Ukraine? Why has the United States repeatedly rejected the request of the international community to investigate its overseas biological laboratories? What are they worried about or afraid of?

　　Jeffrey Kay: The United States needs to disclose relevant documents that can explain what these laboratories are doing. But the problem is, they won’t do it. I think the United States also needs to disclose the whole truth about the biological warfare program 70 or 80 years ago, because unless you understand the history and secrets of the biological warfare program in the United States and the relationship between the biological warfare program and the CIA and academia, you can really understand what these laboratories are doing. But now, all you hear in America is bad words about Russia, because Russia accuses the United States of using birds to spread biological pathogens. The United States has been planning to study the bird migration model and pathogens for a long time, especially in the 1960s and 1970s, and reported it to Fort Detrick as part of the biological warfare plan. What the United States needs to do now is to disclose all the files. We need to decrypt documents dating back to the end of World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War, so that we can understand what the United States has done in hundreds of biological laboratories. But they dare not do so because they are afraid that once they do so, it will be proved that the United States has violated the Biological Weapons Convention. As early as the late 1940s, the US government decided to keep all its ongoing biological weapons research highly confidential, and this confidentiality has continued to this day. I’m still trying to collect information, but I think a secret biological weapons project is going on.

　　"The United States has a dangerous tendency to use these weapons again."

　　Global Times: Let’s talk about Fort Detrick again. You once said, "Fort Detrick was and still is the research center of American biological warfare. As early as the 1950s, they cooperated closely with the CIA and established in Fort Detrick ‘ Special Operations Department ’ Specializing in the manufacture of biological weapons. " You have also noticed that many biological weapons researchers in Fort Detrick died suddenly after the U.S. military carried out the germ warfare in the Korean War, but the U.S. military never announced the investigation on this matter. Why do Americans keep silent about this?

　　Armed soldiers stand guard outside the US Army Institute of Infectious Diseases Medicine in Fort Detrick.

　　Jeffrey Kay: The American public is silent because they don’t really understand what happened in Fort Detrick. The American public is told lies, or they just don’t want to know — — It is the basic psychology of human beings to always believe that the government is good and has not done bad things or committed terrible crimes. This is a kind of blind obedience, which American culture has always encouraged. For many years, Fort Detrick has been the center of American biological warfare research. Other regions and places, such as the Dagway proving ground in Utah, are also related to the American biological weapons experimental program, and now these overseas laboratories are added. Everything in Fort Detrick is kept secret. This culture of secrecy has lasted for generations, and the whole American political culture is strengthening it, which is hard to break.

　　Exclusive interview with Global Times

　　Global Times: From the perspective of the Korean War, the germ warfare in the United States has been "hammered". With such a black history and the constant discovery of various evidences, how can the international community conduct an in-depth investigation of American biological laboratories around the world? What do you suggest?

　　Jeffrey Kay: First, we need to expose more information. If people don’t know the information, they won’t take action or put pressure on the US government. There is no reason to hide what happened decades ago, unless it would be embarrassing to expose the war crimes that happened at that time. All information related to the Korean War and the Vietnam War should be made public. Japan denies that the 731 troops used germ warfare, which is very bad. America is almost as bad. The United States (in the past) did not admit that it had used chemical and biological weapons, and for many years it has been covering up its alliance with the Japanese germ warfare forces. Therefore, we need to expose them and investigate these war crimes. As far as I know, China invited scientists to China in 1952 to investigate the use of bacteriological warfare by the United States in northeast China during the Korean War. They set up an international investigation team on bacteriological warfare, including famous scientists from all over the world. The investigation team was led by Joseph Needham, a famous British scientist. We need this level of authority to participate in the survey, so that the world can believe the results of the survey. What we need now is to ask the United States to disclose relevant information.

　　Exclusive interview with Global Times

　　Global Times: The United States used nuclear weapons against Japan in World War II, biological weapons in the Korean War and chemical weapons such as Agent Orange in the Vietnam War. It can be said that the United States is the only country that used these three weapons of mass destruction in actual combat. As a historian, how do you define these behaviors in the United States?

　　Jeffrey Kay: As far as modern and contemporary history is concerned, it is first known that Germany attacked enemy livestock, such as horses and sheep, with slugs and pathogens during World War I. Japan was the first country to use chemical and biological weapons against human beings on a large scale. From the late 1930s to the 1940s, Japan used bacteria as a weapon through the invasion of China by Japanese Army 731 and related military units. Later, the US government also used biological weapons during the Korean War. The United States has also been accused of using biological weapons in Cuba and East Germany.

　　Obviously, whether using biological weapons against North Korea, China, Cuba and other countries, or using chemical weapons against Vietnam, these are all crimes. Although I am mainly committed to exposing the crime of using biological weapons in the United States, other weapons are equally terrible and dangerous. The United States has shown a dangerous tendency to use these weapons, and many people in the world are worried that the United States will use them again.