Some time ago, "Wenhui Scholar" published a short article entitled "A photo that has been repeatedly mistaken for Qian Daosun" (April 12, 2019), aiming at clarifying that the photo of Qian Dao’s granddaughter Liu Jie is generally regarded as Qian Daosun’s mistake in the internet and newspapers. At the end of the article, the author said: "There are not many photos of Qian Daosun preserved by the descendants of the Qian family, and even the photos of his youth can’t be found. Let’s add a photo of his later years to the layout. (The photo is kept by Qian Jia). " After reading it at that time, my intuition was that Qian Daosun (1887-1966) was very famous in the Republic of China, and he was as famous as Zhou Zuoren as a translator of Japanese literature. According to the truth, there must be many images about Qian Daosun in the old magazines of the Republic of China. Because Qian Daosun not only worked as a "civil servant" in the Ministry of Education of the Republic of China, but also served as a lecturer in the Japanese Department of Peking University very early, teaching Japanese and Japanese history, and later served as the curator of the National Peking Library, and then was hired as a professor of Tsinghua University to teach oriental history, and later took over as the curator of the Tsinghua University Library from Zhu Ziqing. Therefore, it is impossible to leave a video record of the complicated experience of being an official and studying. The carriers of these images are undoubtedly all kinds of old newspapers and related peripheral documents. So the author is very curious, so I found some images of Qian Daosun in my spare time, which are not found in today’s online media and newspapers. I thought it was very interesting at that time, so I sent some photos in my circle of friends.

Soon, WeChat official account, the "Scholar of Wenhui", published Wu Zhen’s Qian Daosun, which ran into Zhou Zuoren’s face (published on April 19th, hereinafter referred to as "Alumni Record"), which was a supplement and revision to the previous article. The author mainly "searched for information from two little-used ways". One is the graduation alumni record of national universities during the Republic of China, a list of universities, etc.-this is the basic material source that can be thought of, because Qian Daosun is a "university middleman" after all, and he is also a co-employed professor from "Green Pepper" to the Foreign Languages Department and History Department of Tsinghua. Second, Japanese and puppet photographic publications and archives at that time, such as "North Branch" and the image archives of North China Communications Co., Ltd., which were made public in recent years. Therefore, the author found six photos of Qian Daosun, some of which coincide with what the author found.

In fact, this phenomenon shows that Qian Daosun has been "missing" for a long time in the field of literature and history research. At present, I have only seen Zou Shuangshuang’s Japanese monograph "The Traitor" Huばれた Male-Wan Ye Ji をせした㇗ぞのぞぞの "(April 2014) It can be said that this modern scholar, who had a close acquaintance with Lu Xun in his early years, was proficient in Japanese, Italian and other languages, medicine, art and drama, and played an important role in Sino-Japanese cultural exchanges, has long been forgotten. The reason is of course his "falling into the water" experience after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, such as serving as the president of the pseudo-Peking University, maintaining the affairs of Peking University together with Zhou Zuoren in the occupied area of Peiping, and attending two "Great East Asian Writers’ Conferences".

As Wu Zhen’s article "Classmates Record" said, "It is really difficult to find photos of people in the Republic of China", "But if we can find the right path", "more and more photos of Qian Daosun will be rummaged out from the corner of history". This paper "rummages" some rare photos of Qian Daosun (1925-1963), providing some basic materials and historical sense for the study of image, Qian Daosun and literature and history in the occupied areas, and briefly introducing the image background. In order to avoid repetition, the photos published in the previous article are not repeated. It should be noted that at the completion of this article, I read the Old Shadow of Quan Shou Shu before Collection published by Wenhui Scholar (May 17th), and provided several photos of Qian Daosun in Arts and Arts Magazine, National Magazine and Magazine, which had the same influence source as this article, but because the author relied on the low-pixel photocopied version of the journal database of the Republic of China of the National Library, the clarity of the photos taken by the original magazine was different.

1. Farewell party of Chinese Studies Department of Chen Wanli, Qian Daosun and Peking University Institute.

This photo was collected by Chen Wanli, a famous ceramic research expert and an early photographer in China, and was taken in the "First Special Session of Photography and Film Art" by Xiling Press in the spring of 2017. Official website of Xiling Press introduced the photo as follows:

Chen Wanli (1892 ~ 1969) took photos and inscribed the precious photos of Peking University’s farewell to the northwest scientific investigation group.

Catalog number: 2871

Appraisal RMB: 40,000－60,000.

Transaction price: RMB: 63,250 (including commission)

There are two basic historical errors here. First of all, this photo was not taken by Chen Wanli. Secondly, this is not "Peking University’s farewell to the northwest scientific investigation group".

Chen Wanli, whose real name is Peng, whose name is Wan Li, graduated from Beijing National Medical College in 1917. In 1925, Chen Wanli was a school doctor in Peking University and worked in the Institute of History and Language. At that time, Professor Langdon Warner, an archaeological team of Harvard University in the United States, and others were going to lead a team to Dunhuang for a one-year inspection, and they needed a Chinese guide. Therefore, John C.Ferguson, the then Beiyang government, introduced them and invited people from the Sinology School of Peking University Research Institute to participate, so Chen Wanli was chosen to accompany the archaeological team of Warner. It started from Beijing on February 16th, 1925 and returned on July 31st, lasting five and a half months. On the day before departure, the National Studies Department of Peking University Research Institute held a farewell party for Chen Wanli.

Historically, the "Northwest Scientific Investigation Team" was formally established in April 1927, and it has the significance of declaring the autonomy and ownership of China’s cultural relics archaeology, mainly aiming at the behavior that Sven Hedin and others of the Swedish expedition will go to the northwest provinces of China to inspect geology, meteorology and collect cultural relics. For example, the academic circles in Beijing initiated the establishment of "China Association of Academic Organizations" and published "Declaration against Outsiders Taking China Antiquities at Will", and so on. In 1925, Chen Wanli was only the accompanying guide of the American archaeological team, while in 1927, there were 15 members from China and 23 members from foreign countries in the northwest scientific expedition, so this expedition was also called "fighting for academic sovereignty". (For details, please refer to Guo Jianrong’s "Northwest Scientific Research Departs from Peking University" and "Peking University School Newspaper" on May 15, 2007).

On May 9, 1927, the Chinese members of the Northwest Scientific Investigation Team took a group photo with the farewell party when they set out from the National Studies Department of Peking University Research Institute.

This photo collected by Chen Wanli was taken on February 15th, 1925. The characters in the photo are either "big coffee" or on the way to becoming "big coffee". The most familiar ones are naturally Hu Shi and Lin Yutang. Several inscriptions on the photo were written by Chen Wanli in different periods. The middle ones are "Hu Shizhi, Zhang Fengju, Shen Jianshi, Chang Hui, Zhu Yixian, Yuan Xiyuan, Li Xuanbo, Rong Geng, Qian Daosun, Chen Yuanan, Xu Xusheng, Lin Yutang, Ma Shuping, Shen Yinmo and Ye Haowu" from right to left, with 15 people in mind. The inscription on the right side of the photo was written in January 1947: "Before going to Dunhuang in the 14th spring of the People’s Republic of China, I took a photo when Peking University was friendly and farewell."

However, a closer look at the photos shows that there are 17 people standing, except Chen Wanli himself (standing in the middle), and the name of one person is not recorded in the inscription. After returning to Beijing from Dunhuang, Chen Wanli wrote "Journey to the West Diary", in which it was mentioned that on Sunday, February 15th, "I got up early and went to the Third Hospital (according to Peking University). Mr. Xiyuan, Mr. Kaneshi and Mr. Shu Pingsan had been here first and had a long talk. At ten o’clock, the farewell party of the Institute of Chinese Studies was held. The attendees included Shen Jianshi, Ma Shuping, Yuan Xiyuan, Hu Shizhi, Ye Haowu, Lin Yutang, Chen Yuanan, Zhang Fengju, Shen Yinmo, Huang Zhongliang, Li Xuanbo, Xu Xusheng, Chang Weijun, Rong Xibai, Zhu Yixian and Qian Daosun. Mr. Shu Ping gave a farewell speech first, followed by Yu Zhi’s reply. Mr. Jian Shi, Shi Zhi, Xi Yuan, Yu Tang and Hao Wu all have messages. After the meeting, please take a photo with Mr Wu Yuzhou. After returning to the Chinese studies door, I discussed with Yu Zhou, Yu Qing, Mei Zhuang and Wen Yu about some of the affairs of the Qing Dynasty Aftercare Committee photography. Therefore, the photographer of this photo is Wu Yuzhou. The person whose name is not recorded in the photo caption is Zheng Tianting (the first from the right in the last row, standing behind Zhang Fengju). Since 1924, Zheng Tianting has been a lecturer in Peking University Preparatory School. In addition, it was Huang Zhongliang (Huang Wenbi, the word Zhongliang) who attended the farewell party but did not appear in the photo. Huang Wenbi is a famous archaeologist in China. He graduated from the Philosophy Department of Peking University in 1918. In 1924, he worked in the antique showroom in Shen Jianshi to arrange cultural relics. In the same year, the Archaeological Research Office of the National Studies Department of Peking University established the Archaeological Society, and Huang Wenbi became one of the earliest members.The specific reason why Huang Wenbi didn’t attend the photo shoot is unknown.

So, why did Chen Wanli ask Wu Yuzhou to help him take photos? The reason is very simple, because Wu Yuzhou is a photography artist himself, and he is a key member of a community organization with Chen Wanli. In 1923, Chen Wanli, Wu Yuzhou, Huang Zhenhua, Liu Bannong and others initiated the establishment of the first photographic art group "Art Photo Research Association" in China (later renamed "Light Society"). In 1924, Chen Wanli took up the photography task of the Clean Room Aftercare Committee, so there will be a record in the diary of "discussing with Yu Zhou, Yu Qing, Mei Zhuang and Wen Yu about some affairs of the Clean Room Aftercare Committee photography". In addition, in 1924, Wu Yuzhou was also the tutor of photography department of Peking University Plastic Arts Research Association. In the early 1920s, the Plastic Arts Research Association of Peking University was chaired by Qian Daosun, who served as the vice president and its president was Cai Yuanpei. This is naturally the institutionalized design of "aesthetic education replacing religion".

In his early years, Qian Daosun loved and studied fine arts and medicine, not the translation and introduction of Japanese literature. Therefore, he has written and translated many articles related to art and medicine. In 1924, he also translated Volby’s Plastic Art in Germany (published by the Commercial Press). In 1925, Qian Daosun in the photo was 36 years old, with a flat head, round wide-brimmed glasses and a moustache, and looked older. In 1924, Chen Wanli published Gale Collection-One of Chen Wanli’s Photographic Works. Qian Daosun not only prefaced it, but also wrote a letter to Sun Fuyuan of Morning Post to introduce Gale Collection at the End of Chen Wanli: "I have known an artist for more than ten years. But he doesn’t take art as his profession, nor does he hear people calling him an artist; However, it is his whole life to be truly grateful for the natural beauty and not be able to create artistic beauty that expresses individuality in various ways. Many people know that he is a physician, and many people know that he is a man who can do things; Although he sometimes makes mountain ink paintings and sometimes sees himself on the stage, few people know that he is an artistic genius and has a very rich artistic life. "

Although the photographer of the auction is not Chen Wanli, this photo is really precious. However, I don’t know how the photographer feels. Fortunately, it is not a fake, and it is not bad for money or points. The lesson that onlookers can learn is that a photo auctioned for more than 60 thousand RMB shows that there are still ways to learn literature, history and philosophy well-at least it can save money.

Second, Ono Nobutaro’s Essay Beijing and Qian Daosun.

In 1940, Nobutaro Ono published "Essays on Beijing" in Tokyo’s No.1 study room, including an essay "Zhou Zuoren and Qian Daosun" with two photos, namely Zhou Zuoren and Qian Daosun. Among them, Qian Daosun’s photo has a self-signed signature, which must be presented to Ono Nobutaro. Zhou Zuoren’s photo was taken in Badaowan at a glance. Because at first glance, it looks very similar to the famous "selfie" photo after assassination in 1939.

In 1939, it was taken after Zhou Zuoren was assassinated.

Zhou Zuoren and Qian Daosun describes the author’s feelings of visiting Zhou Zuoren and Qian Daosun and expresses his admiration. In the expression of the "Japanese school" in the Republic of China, it is a common practice to mention "weekly money" together. As early as 1935, Cosmic Wind magazine published "Zhou Zuoren and Qian Daosun-two people I know who know Japan" signed by Gu Liang, which was already called this.

Nobutaro Ono went to Peiping in 1936 as a special researcher of Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs in China. During his stay in China, he had many contacts with famous scholars in Peiping. In fact, it is difficult to study the history of Sino-Japanese cultural exchange or "students studying in Japan" and "Japanese coming to China" without going around Zhou Zuoren and Qian Daosun. Qian Daosun lived in Shoubi Hutong at that time, and Japanese students and scholars in China often visited him at home, and even lodged with him. For related descriptions, please refer to Professor C by Yoshikawa, Memories of Mr. Qian Daosun by Ishida Kansuke, and Mr. Qian Daosun by Munaga Tiancheng, including the essays by Nobutaro Ono, and so on. Qian Daosun also founded the Quanshoudong Document Collection, which specializes in Japanese books and periodicals, for people to read. In addition, it is worth mentioning that Nobutaro Ono is also a member of the "Preparatory Committee" established by the National Assembly of the Japanese Literature Newspaper "People who are proficient in things around the co-prosperity circle". The so-called "Great East Asian Writers’ Conference" was planned by the Japanese Literature Newspaper Congress.

Third, Qian Daosun and Quan Shoudong’s Document Collection

These three photos are from No.1, Volume 2, 1944, of which the rare photo was taken by Qian Daosun in Quanshoudong Document Collection in 1934. Yang Liansheng used to be a student of Qian Daosun who taught Japanese in Tsinghua. He recorded in the article "Yi En Shi": "From about 1921, I set up a collection of Japanese books at home (East Wing) to collect Japanese books for people to read. It is mainly about literature and history, and its content is rich. In terms of personal book collection, it may be the largest in China at that time. " However, according to Japanese scholar Masako Inamori’s research in "Izumi Satoshi’s Private Japanese Language Library" (see also Su Zhenshu’s "A Letter about the Izumi Satoshi Satoshi Tojo Library"), Qian Daosun should have founded the "Izumi Tojo Document Collection" around 1930, and the Japanese Matsumura Taro. After the "September 18th Incident" in 1931, the "Book Collection" was temporarily closed and reopened the following year, which lasted until about 1935.

The captions of the other two photos are: "Qian Daosun and his wife were photographed at their residence in Chihiromachi, Japan in the 24th year of the Republic of China", and "Mr. Qian Daosun is in Japanese works". During Tsinghua’s time, Qian Daosun visited Japan many times or bought books. From 1934 to 1935, Qian Daosun, as a guide, led the "Tsinghua University Tour Group to Japan" to inspect Japan. According to Tsinghua Weekly (Volume 41, No.10, 1934), Gu Xianliang’s "The Bottom Trip of Our School’s Tour Group to Japan" records that on April 4, 1934, Qian Daosun and others set off from Tsinghua, arrived in Kobe on April 8, and arrived in Tokyo the next day. Qiao Guanhua and other students from Tsinghua who stayed in Tokyo welcomed them at the station and stayed at the Japanese Society. During their stay in Japan, Qian Daosun and others took part in various activities, followed by visits to Yokohama and Kyoto, and returned to Peiping on April 24th.

In addition, according to "Dining Notes of the Historical Society" (Tsinghua Weekly, Volume 43, No.4, 1935), one of the original intentions of this dinner was to set up a holiday for Qian Daosun to study in Japan in the second half of the year, and hoped that Qian Daosun would complete the purpose of going to Japan-to learn from Japanese scholars’ research on the history of China and investigate the unique and important information on China’s history, so as to purchase it. The photos published in Art and Literature Magazine in 1944 should have been taken during Qian Daosun’s vacation trip to Japan in 1935. The magazine was founded in July, 1943 and finally published in May, 1945. It is a part of the "Great East Asian Subculture Construction Movement" and aims to establish "Great East Asian Literature". Zhou Zuoren is an "important author" of this magazine, and many essays are published in this magazine. As for why Art Magazine published photos of Qian Daosun ten years ago, in a sense, the leader wanted to put the "daily" academic and cultural exchanges in 1935 in the "exceptional state" in 1944, so as to give it a specific meaning.

Fourth, Qian Daosun’s trip to Suzhou, a rare photo with Shu Yuan.

From left: Shu Yuan, Qian Daosun, and Japanese war literature writer Huoye Weiping, November 1944.

The photo was published in No.3, Volume 14, Magazine in 1944. This issue is a "Special Impressions of Writers", which is actually a special collection of writers about the third "Great East Asian Writers’ Conference". In November 1944, Japan’s war of aggression against China was a spent force, so the third "Great East Asian Writers’ Conference" was not held in Tokyo, Japan, like the previous two, but was held in Nanjing under the Wang puppet government. On the previous day, it was "the first session of China Literature Annual Meeting". After the meeting, about two-thirds of the participating writers went to Suzhou for a one-day trip, and for this reason, the magazine invited "our colleagues in Suzhou to invite Suzhou writers to write together and write’ Writers in Suzhou’ to impress each other".

At breakfast on the morning of November 11th, 1944, there was a table in Shanghai (including writers such as Louis, Bao Tianxiao and Tao Jingsun) and a table in North China. "The two sides are unfamiliar, so it’s too early to talk". After breakfast, three or four people, such as Zhou Yueran and Qian Daosun, took the car, and the rest took the bus. After getting off the bus, I learned, "I received a telegram last night, and Chairman Wang has died, so I am very sorry to stop the banquet these days." Wang Jingwei died in Nagoya, Japan at 10: 30am on November 10th, 1944. The China Literature Annual Meeting was held in Nanjing the next day, and the third Great East Asian Writers Conference was also held in Nanjing on November 12th. This is a symbol of history.

At the "China Literature Annual Meeting" held on November 11th, Qian Daosun was elected as the speaker and Tao Jingsun as the deputy speaker. Qian Daosun delivered a speech at the meeting, "First describe the significance of the meeting, and hope that everyone will unite and work hard for China’s cultural construction. The words are extremely brief". He is "nearly 60 years old, his hair is bald, his back is bent, and there are three deep wrinkles between his eyebrows. He has a small gray beard under his nose, and his face is ruddy. He is short and short, wearing a blue and black jacket, and his voice is low and weak. (See Yang Guangzheng’s China Literature Annual Meeting)

At this time, Qian Daosun served as the dean of the pseudo-Peking University College of Literature, and was the "chief representative" of China in the conference. Shu Yuan is the pseudo director of Jiangsu Education Department, so Qian Daosun will have a photo with him. That night was a reception dinner hosted by the pseudo-Jiangsu provincial government. Yuan Shu gave a welcome speech. Qian Daosun said that he had been to Suzhou more than forty years ago, "but he didn’t say much except a very short thank you speech". Qian Daosun also gave a lecture at the Pseudo-Jiangsu Institute of Education, where Lu Wanyi was the director of liberal arts at that time.

Five, "Zhou Qian" and "Rehabilitation of China Culture Symposium"

This photo can be found in the so-called "Symposium on Rebuilding China’s Culture", published in the 19th issue of the Digest edited and published by the Digest Society of Fudan University in 1938. This article is translated from the Japanese Osaka Daily News’s Symposium on Rebuilding China Culture, with the translator’s signature Yu Shihua. The introduction before the article thinks that "although the convening of this symposium was nominally initiated by Osaka Daily News Agency, I don’t think anyone can assert that it was not inspired by Japanese fascist warlords". On February 9, 1938, the symposium on "Rebuilding China’s Culture" was held in Peiping. The names of Zhou Zuoren, Qian Daosun and other well-known cultural figures were seen in the newspapers, and there were photos, which quickly caused great surprise and indignation among intellectuals in China’s rear during the war. Mao Dun, Hu Feng and Hu Qiuyuan jointly signed an Open Letter to Zhou Zuoren in Anti-enemy Literature and Art, urging them to leave Peiping quickly. "Otherwise, there is only agreement." After the forum, Zhou Zuoren and Qian Daosun successively assumed pseudo-posts, such as the director of the pseudo-Peking University Library, the dean of the College of Arts, the secretary-general of the pseudo-Peking University, and the supervision of the General Administration of Education of Japan and Japan.

There is only one side photo of Qian Daosun in the group photo, which is opposite to Zhou Zuoren’s position. It can be described as "Zhou Qian". However, Osaka Daily News mistook Qian Daosun’s name and wrote it as "Qiandao Village". It is reported that Qian Daosun made a brief speech at the forum: "My opinion coincides with that of Mr. Zhou. Even if Gai studied in "Beijing" for three or four years and didn’t go to Japan, it would be useless. In’ Beijing’, there are only middle schools that teach Japanese. I think it is really necessary to teach Japanese in middle school. "

6. In 1940, Qian Daosun attended and finished classes in the pseudo-Peking University.

This photo is taken from Qiu Wei’s book "Xing Wu Qianjia: The Fracture and Inheritance of Modern Academic and Cultural Families" (Zhejiang University Press, 2009), in which it is stated that the photo was provided by Mr. Yang Shaojing. There is also a Chinese inscription on the photo. Judging from the tone, the writer and photographer are Japanese: "So far, I have lived a school life every day, and educating those promising young people can really be called a great or happy person! In June, 1940, it was taken at the end of class in Beijing, China University.

Judging from the shooting time, this photo happens to be from the same period as the two photos of Qian Daosun in the "North China Traffic Photo Archives", and the photographer should be the same person. The photos numbered 35072 and 35070 in the "North China Traffic Photo Archives" were shown in December of the 15th year of Showa (1940), and the photographers were all Qiaozhao.

North China traffic photo file, Qian Daosun at this time as a pseudo-Peking University Secretary-General.

Eight, 1942, Qian Daosun.

These two books are from the ninth issue of Volume 3 of National Magazine in 1943. One of them introduces Qian Daosun’s life experience, and also says that "Mr. Wang attended the first Great East Asian Writers’ Conference last autumn on behalf of the literary circles in North China, and made great contributions to the exchange of Chinese and Japanese literature". From this, we can also get a general idea of the propaganda caliber of National Magazine.

Nine, Qian Daosun and the "Great East Asian Writers Conference"

Quoted from Wang Xiangyuan’s "Pen Army and the War of Aggression against China —— Research and Criticism on Japanese Literature of Aggression against China", Kunlun Press, 2015.

Wu Zhen’s "Classmate Record" said that Qian Daosun "presided over the Great East Asian Writers’ Conference for three consecutive years", which is not accurate. Qian Daosun has participated in two Great East Asian Writers’ Conferences, the first in Tokyo in 1942 and the third in Nanjing in 1944. Interestingly, on November 10, 1942, on the closing day of the first Great East Asian Writers’ Conference, NHK (News Image No.127, 1 minute and 40 seconds in total) in Japan once reported the conference, among which there were more than ten seconds’ video materials of rich rice sun, Shen Qiwu and others, which were very rare.

Qian Daosun, Speaker of the Third Great East Asian Writers’ Congress

The above-mentioned images of the Third Great East Asian Writers’ Congress are from the 17th issue of Volume 6 of Continental Pictorial in 1945. Qian Daosun is speaking as the speaker of the Third Great East Asian Writers’ Congress. Wu Zhen quoted the Special Edition of the Third Great East Asian Writers’ Conference, but the book was not accompanied by drawings. Among them, the special edition of the conference introduced Qian Daosun’s "unsmiling, Old Master Q style of Chinese studies".

Interestingly, when I looked up the archives of the National History Museum in Taiwan Province, I found that the museum collected photos of the third Great East Asian Writers’ Conference, one of which was a live photo of Qian Daosun’s speech at the conference, while the other picture was marked as "Qian Daosun is presenting awards to winners" and it was "Zhang Guan Li Dai" again.

Qian Daosun spoke on the stage at the Third Great East Asian Writers’ Conference. Quoted from Taiwan Province National History Museum, Wang Zhaoming Historical Materials, Wang Government Meetings and Awards Photos, collection number: 118-030200-0005-025.

The above picture just contrasts with the picture of "the meeting place of writers" in Continental Pictorial, and we can get a sense of wholeness. The flag of "Puppet Manchukuo", party flag of Kuomintang (Wang Puppet Regime) and Japanese flag are hung behind the rostrum of the conference.

Quoted from Taiwan Province National History Museum, Wang Zhaoming Historical Materials, Wang Government Meetings and Awards Photos, collection number: 118-030200-0005-052.

The above two pictures are from Taiwan Province National History Museum and Continental Pictorial respectively. The first picture is marked as "Award presented by the Speaker (Qian Daosun) of the Third Conference of Writers of Wang Government". In fact, if we look closely at the original picture, we can see that Qian Daosun is the one with a slight silhouette on the left side of the winner, and from the second picture, we can see that there is a sign on the podium that says "Speaker", so it is not Qian Daosun who awards the prize to the winner, but another person.

X. When Zhou Zuoren visited Japan in 1941, "Zhou Qian" shared a seat.

Zhou Zuoren and Qian Daosun visited Japan. Quoted from Wang Xirong’s "A Group of Photos about Zhou Zuoren", Shanghai Luxun Studies, No.2, 2005.

On April 6, 1941, as the newly appointed supervisor of the General Education Department of the North China Government Affairs Committee, Zhou Zuoren led a delegation of judges from the East Asian Cultural Agreement Association to visit Japan to attend the special ministerial meeting of the East Asian Cultural Association held in Kyoto. Zhou Zuoren, Qian Daosun and others belonged to the Ministry of Literature. At noon on April 17th, in Tokyo’s Xinggang Chaliao, many celebrities in Japanese literary circles held a luncheon to welcome Zhou Zuoren, and Qian Daosun also attended. Topics include "the review of Chinese and Japanese literary circles, and the anecdotes of the two countries".

Xi. Qian Daosun and the East Asian Cultural Agreement

Group photo of the second Council of East Asian Cultural Agreement, held at Imperial University Hall, Tokyo on December 2, 1938. Qian Daosun sits in the first row, 16th from the right.

The East Asian Cultural Agreement Society is an important organization of the Japanese Puppet in North China. It was established on August 30, 1938, and belongs to the Puppet Ministry of Education and the Xinmin Society. Zhou Zuoren was the second president, in which Qian Daosun served as a pseudo-post. Qian Daosun was a permanent member, a lecturer at Xinmin College, a reviewer in the Literature Department, and presided over the reviewer meeting as the chairman.

There must be some images about Qian Daosun, which will be excavated later. As for Qian Daosun’s "face value" in the image, we can quote an article that has never been noticed, entitled "Impression of Qian Daosun", published in the third issue of Gale in 1941, and the author signed You Wu. Gale was a Jinan publication under Wang’s puppet regime, so Wang Jingwei, Chen Gongbo and others all published articles in it. The reason why the above article has not been quoted by scholars is probably because the tout or the hand people wrote Qian Daosun’s name wrong. The article said, "Mr. Qian is already a famous old professor in China. He is not very tall, his body is quite burly, his face is oblong, and he has a pair of extremely deep myopia glasses on his nose. Under his nose, he has a moustache and his hair is half white. No matter in winter or summer, I always wear domestic cloth with a pair of Melaleuca dress tweed shoes under my feet. It looks like a scholar. That face, manner and even costume are similar to the old man in Zhitang in Kuyu Zhai. If they sit together, then someone will mistake them for Kunzhong because they are too similar. " The juxtaposition of Zhou Zuoren and Qian Daosun may also be a kind of political rhetoric.

The costume detective drama "Junzi League" premiered in Tencent video on January 30th. The ups and downs of the story rhythm, the intricate case context and the unique Chinese suspense atmosphere of aesthetic sophistication make people shine. Lan Jue, assistant minister of rites, played by Jing Bo Ran, even surprised the audience with his restrained and deep planning, elegant and dusty temperament and romantic and elegant manners, and praised him as "elegant, warm, bookish and natural" and "accurate and balanced with black belly and reversed eyes".

As soon as "The League of Gentlemen" started, Lan Jue (Jing Bo Ran), assistant minister of the Ritual Department of Yong Dynasty, made a careful plan and tactfully recaptured the secret letter that his political enemies had framed him for collaboration and treason. Strategize with low eyebrows, raise your eyes and fight back with the Jedi, and step by step perform emotional and intellectual repression for the camp. The series of unexpected events caused by this indicates that a "chess game" against Lan Jue has just begun. Jing Bo Ran made the audience look forward to the future development of the characters’ fate through his excellent acting skills and jade-like appearance.

Jing Bo Ran’s book spirit is precious and unique

"Su Su is like a breeze, and her beauty is like a moon in the forest", which is a poem describing Lan Jue in the play, and it is just right to describe Jing Bo Ran dressed in ancient costume. Some netizens commented that Jing Bo Ran’s ancient costume skillfully combined the bookish spirit with the aristocratic childe’s bearing, which could be either a romantic and elegant flower-exploring lang or an official who was like a monk in a red shirt and was cautious in his words and deeds. The style of Lan Jue in the play is also very interesting. Whether it’s neat hair, loose hair at home, or the official dress style of the court, Jing Bo Ran can easily control it, and the "fashion completion" does not lose the aesthetic level of his modern clothes.

The lines are solid, the emotions are deep, and the explosive force is strong. Actor Jing Bo Ran continues to advance.

It is worth mentioning that what is more memorable than Jing Bo Ran’s costume is his performance in the play. The original lines are clearly articulated, and the voice lines are gentle and magnetic. On the day of the premiere, "Jing Bo Ran Lines" triggered a heated discussion on social platforms. Some netizens described Lan Jue, played by Jing Bo Ran, as "black-bellied and calm" and "changeable in many aspects". At the same time, he was also an introverted person. When he learned his father’s wishes, he wept bitterly and tried his best to restrain his bitterness, and the inner entanglements of the characters were vividly interpreted by Jing Bo Ran.

When it comes to Jing Bo Ran, people generally recognize that he is a representative of high taste, good aesthetics, superior temperament and acting skills. Or leisure, or expensive, or fashionable styling collocation, the design style of home improvement is more highly praised, not only the wearing model repeatedly mentioned in the fashion circle, but also the blogger who shares the treasure of life aesthetics. As an actor, he gradually came to the center of the big screen from his youthful face in love city, his wonderful performances in Lost Orphan, monster hunt, Later Us, and A Cloud Made of a Rain in the Wind. Now, he has been holding a box office of 10 billion yuan, and he is still changing from an "actor" to a "good actor" in no hurry.

Through his excellent performance in "The League of Gentlemen", I also look forward to his subsequent works to be broadcast: Lu Yanchen played by Jing Bo Ran in the urban emotional drama "Return to the Road" is a cold and handsome special police officer who cares about the country and plays Fico/Li Zerui with high intelligence, mystery, contrast and complexity in the drama "New Life" of Youku’s new track. Jing Bo Ran will show us more through the interpretation of these different roles.

whatRec Room, a VR social platform startup founded in 2016, raised $145 million at the end of this month, and the company’s valuation reached $3.5 billion.

The new round of financing was led by Coatue Management, and the old shareholders Sequoia Capital, Index Ventures and Madrona Venture Group followed suit. This round of valuation has been higher than the nearly $3 billion paid by Facebook when it acquired VR startup Oculus in 2014.

The company was founded by Nick Fajt, a former project manager in Microsoft HoloLens team. Its eponymous product Rec Room was first launched as a free social platform for VR users, and Rec Room has developed into a global platform with millions of community experiences. According to a report in January 2021, Rec Room has more than 1 million VR users.

Due to the slow development of VR market, it turned to multi-platform support such as mobile PC. In recent years, it has gradually increased its support for mobile, host and PC, and is committed to becoming "Roblox in VR field" to meet the needs of young users. Players can use the creative tool suite provided by the platform to create virtual space and virtual goods, and the platform will provide players with the subscription function of game coins and sell virtual goods in the game to earn income.

In February of this year, Rec Room launched the "Creator Subsidy Scheme" to encourage users to produce content. Rec Room plans to pay $1 million to the creators before the end of 2021, and will continue to invest in the creator community in the future.

Rec Room said that it plans to expand the number of rooms in the future and hold large-scale music festivals or sports events. On the technical level, the company believes that artificial intelligence or deep machine learning is indispensable for future development.

Talking about the future socialization, Fajt, CEO of Rec Room, believes that "all social applications today are actually not very social, and users are not interacting with people, but with algorithms. The algorithm happens to know you very well, but this is different from human interaction. And this is what we can see in Rec Room. "

The original HoloLens team started a business.

Multi-platform extended VR social platform

Rec Room is a free VR social platform established in 2016, which provides players with cross-platform face-to-face social interaction, as well as a series of mini-games such as cooperative tasks and escape-style shooting games. In addition to the official content, players can also create their own virtual goods such as games to play, and these created virtual goods can also be sold among players.

Nick Fajt, co-founder and CEO of Rec Room, worked as a project manager in the HoloLens (then called Gravity) team of Microsoft MR in 2012.

At that time, AR technology had a good development momentum. However, due to the huge head-mounted display equipment, high price and inability to play its role, HoloLens finally turned to selling its hardware for military applications, and Fajt and his team faced restructuring. So in 2016, he decided to form a team composed of former Microsoft colleagues to build products where games and communities intersect. Other co-founders include Cameron Brown, Dan Kroyman, Bilal Orhan, John Bevis and Josh Wehrly, also from HoloLens Project.

Up to now, Rec Room has gone through six rounds of financing, and the last round of financing was $100 million at the beginning of 2021, which made Rec Room among the unicorns and became one of the earliest startups focusing on virtual reality. With Rec Room’s financing of $145 million at the end of this month, the company’s valuation reached $3.5 billion. The scale of the company has also increased from about 60 employees last year to nearly 200 employees now.

Matt Mazzeo, general partner of Coatue Management, said in a statement: "From mobile phones to VR, there are millions of players participating in Rec Room, which makes the digital world more interesting and immersive."

Rec Room’s eponymous product was launched on Steam in June 2016, initially focusing on the VR head-mounted display. Although the VR head-mounted display market was hot, its development was slower than expected. Therefore, Rec Room turned to other platforms and was launched on PlayStation and Xbox in 2019. At that time, the data showed that the number of viewers on the platform doubled overnight after the launch of xbox, ranking first in the "free game" in Xbox store.

In August this year, Rec Room was launched on Android, and in September Rec Room launched its first game Rec Rally, which is a multi-player racing experience with cartoon style for the global community, allowing players to compete with up to six friends.

At present, Rec Room’s platform has included mobile devices, game consoles, PC and VR headsets including iOS, Android, Xbox, PlayStation, Oculus and Steam.

Since its launch, Rec Room has accumulated 37 million users, mainly teenagers aged 13 to 16, and the number of rooms built is about 12 million.

Although it is not clear how many active users are among the 37 million active users, Rec Room said that the number of monthly users increased by nearly 450% last year (since November 2020), and mobile users are driving this growth, which increased tenfold during that period.

According to the internal data of Rec Room, the largest active user group of Rec Room comes from the mobile platform. At the same time, Rec Room has also set a "record high" on VR devices, and it is currently the largest social VR application.

Although Rec Room can be implemented across multiple platforms, it has not given up the VR market. Fajt believes that VR can’t be compared with the universality and convenience of mobile phones, and VR also has an immersion that mobile phones can’t achieve, and VR will play an important role in the future.

As a VR social product that is ahead of the industry, Rec Room has its own product advantages. First of all, it entered the VR social track very early and developed its own social platform without relying on other platforms such as Facebook. In Rec Room, players can hold family gatherings, company meetings and even weddings.

In addition, Rec Room provides various experiences suitable for novice and experienced users, which lowers the threshold for its players to promote the concept of "Rec Life".

Creator economy under UGC mode

Rec Room is more inclined to a social game company than a game company. When Rec Room was launched, Fajt’s vision was to build a place where people from all over the world (or next door) could go out and have fun together.

"Why do we use social applications to feel that social time is spent very little, but when we really socialize, it is the opposite. Can we combine the two? Can we bring this excellent real-time social interaction into the digital space? Many games are trying to provide this experience, and Rec Room is one of them. " Fajt said.

Unlike other UGC platforms that rely on games to attract players, Rec Room can provide virtual social space for players. Players can customize avatar, create rooms to socialize with other players outside the game, or wander into different rooms or explore more experiences. In addition to experiencing official games and other content, players can create their own content. Rec Room said that it has been used for virtual weddings, business meetings and leisure parties. In addition, Rec room also launched works exhibitions, tiktok dance activities, Tiktok production video competitions, sports fashion shows and other social activities.

Since 2017, Rec Room has added the function of player-generated content. According to the needs of players, 75%-80% of Rec Room applications are spent in user-generated rooms, and players provide most of the creative content, including new clothes, activities and decorations for users’ private game areas.

In Rec Room platform, players can use the creative tool suite provided by the platform to design a virtual space for friends to meet and interact. Players can also create virtual products needed for various social activities, including games, and sell them to make money.

"Whether it is YouTube, Twitch or Instagram, there is a clear mechanism for creators to make money by making high-quality content. I’m sure Rec Room will be the same. The platform needs to make important decisions to help creators make money and make the community an interesting and popular place. We are still learning about this. " Fajt explained.

In order to motivate content creators, in September last year, Rec Room announced plans to let users earn cash by selling his game content. After more than two months, Rec Room launched a senior member. As an optional membership program, Premium members allow players to get exclusive content, expanded equipment slots, free tokens, discounts from official Rec Room stores and various other benefits by paying a monthly fee of $7.99.

Advanced users use Maker Pen in Rec Room to make in-game items and landscapes, and can sell their items at a cost of 100 to 10,000 game coins (about 15 US dollars in cash). Advanced users can sell keys to unlock the room, and items including avatar clothes and decorations can be picked up in the room. But at that time, players could only earn game money and could not convert it into money.

In February this year, Rec Room further launched the "Creator Subsidy Scheme", which aims to help creators make money by converting virtual currency into cash. Because other players are willing to pay for it, some players have earned game coins from their creations and converted them into cash. Rec Room hopes to extend it to the theory that some people can make a living by virtual activities.althoughThe company has not disclosed any revenue data so far, but as early as March, it said it would pay about $1 million to game creators on its platform.

Then in July, Rec Room will create animated virtual clothes and sell them as a way for players to make a profit. It is understood that this will allow players to create and sell full-body animated clothing, whether it is original clothing or clothing recognizable from popular media.

"The platform that really expands its scale has found a way to help creators make money. Whether it is YouTube, Twitch or Instagram, there are clear mechanisms for creators to make money by making high-quality content. When users build excellent content or make important contributions to the ecosystem, it is important for the ecosystem to reward them. " Fajt said this.

　

future

Metauniverse is the next opportunity for Internet scale.

Regarding the future, Nick Fajt, co-founder and CEO of Rec Room, said in a statement, "We still have a lot to do. As we enter 2022, we are very happy to build more experiences, expand to new platforms, invest in first-class trust and security systems, and continue to expand our creator tools."

In a recent interview, Fajt mentioned that the number of people in Rec Room is limited to 40 at present, and it is planned to expand the room to accommodate 10,000 people in the future.

"We really want to hold a Bumbershoot Music Festival with thousands of people. And we hope to hold a large-scale sports event, so that 100,000 people can watch the event and cheer together. It doesn’t seem impossible to do so. These large platforms have begun to touch the surface of this problem, and I think this will be a problem that will be solved in the next few years. "

Users are more involved. In view of the community environment, Rec Room has formulated strict guidelines and provided tutorials to tell players how to use their tools to mute or even vote out troublemakers. Rec Room also began testing automatic voice auditing, using a mixture of community reports, manual auditing and automatic tools to identify violators.

in additionMike Schmid, vice president of business development of Rec Room, also mentioned that the company may make some acquisitions. "Now that we have a reserve, we can develop the company and expand our capabilities at the same time."

As a company that tried to build the proposed meta-universe experience a long time ago, Rec Room didn’t get widespread attention at that time. Now the frequent appearance of mataverse makes the Fajt team realize that investors and consumers’ cognition of the meta-universe and the industry trend have turned to a turning point.

"When I was asked about our vision of the metauniverse," Fajt said, "my answer was based on people and what they want and need to do every day, because people in the virtual world are the reason why the metauniverse works. Some consumer behaviors began to be built around encryption, metauniverse, virtual reality and augmented reality. "

For the current progress, Fajt believes that the team is in the initial stage of building a meta-universe, and the future "meta-universe" is the evolution of the Internet, but it is more physical, 3D and real-time than the Internet. Its core is to design a virtual experience that allows people to feel the same room with others. "

He believes that the Metauniverse is the next opportunity for Internet scale, and there are many opportunities in this field for Rec Room and other companies.

It is believed that the UGC track where Rec Room is located has strong competitors including Roblox and Overwolf, among which Roblox is the only real competitor in its market segment, both of which are popular among players under the age of 16. In this regard, the company believes that these competitions have not affected Rec Room. "In terms of the number of players or the time spent, we all have relative successes or failures. I am more concerned about how to get data about user preferences from the community and ensure that these data are applied to the application as soon as possible. "

Roblox’s user statistics show that more than half of users are under the age of 13. Compared with this platform, most users of Rec Room are between 13 and 16 years old, slightly older than the users of Reblox. Roblox went public on March 10th this year, and Rec Room is also preparing for the IPO in the next few years.

The epidemic has promoted the development of many network virtual platforms, and with the lifting of the blockade caused by the epidemic, the number of users will be affected accordingly, and Rec Room is no exception. Fajt said that once teenagers can meet face to face, the number of users of the platform may decrease.

But he added that Rec Room is not only a substitute for real-life socialization, "it helps people who are thousands of miles away to keep in touch. These are friends separated by physical distance, not just social distance. So if Rec Room has become a part of users’ daily life, I think it will play this role even after the epidemic. "

For the development in the next five years, Rec Room thinks that the way the platform interacts with users and software will change fundamentally. The platform will spend more time interacting with these spatial and digital objects.

EW-Entertainment

Recent Topics and Related Contents　 　

　　[Guangming Forum]

　　Author: Chen Donghui (researcher, Henan Academy of Social Sciences)

　　The new round of scientific and technological revolution is advancing in depth, and the digital wave is unstoppable. Digital technology is profoundly changing the mode of production, lifestyle and governance of human society. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attaches great importance to digital transformation, emphasizing "accelerating the construction of digital economy, digital society and digital government, and promoting the optimization and upgrading of digitalization in various fields" and "establishing and improving the mechanism of big data assisting scientific decision-making and social governance, promoting the innovation of government management and social governance model, and realizing scientific government decision-making, accurate social governance and efficient public services". Grass-roots governance is the cornerstone of national governance. We must adapt to the development trend and requirements of the digital age and continue to lead and drive the improvement of grass-roots governance efficiency with digital technology.

　　Focus on digital empowerment of party building and strengthen the "backbone" of grassroots governance. The party’s grass-roots organizations are the bridges and ties to connect with the masses and occupy a leading position in grass-roots governance. The key to empowering grassroots governance with digital technology lies in the understanding and grasp of digitalization by grassroots organizations. The first is to build a team of leaders of grassroots party organizations with digital thinking. The secretary of the grass-roots party organization is the leader of the grass-roots organization and the "leading goose" of all party member, and he is in a key position and plays a key role. We should seize this "key minority" in grass-roots governance, bring digital elements into the whole chain of "breeding and management", and improve the digital governance ability of the leaders of grass-roots party organizations. The second is to promote the digital construction of grassroots party organizations. Strengthen the application of digital technology in the construction of grassroots organizations, use digital technology to build a grassroots digital party building platform, spread the party’s line, principles and policies through social tools widely used by the masses, and promote the party’s innovative theory to "fly into the homes of ordinary people." The third is to adhere to party building and lead digital empowerment grassroots governance. Give full play to the role of the Party’s grass-roots organizations as fighting bastions and leading roles, use big data and information technology to collect and handle the opinions of the masses, persist in using data to speak, rely on data to make decisions, and implement according to data in leading grass-roots governance by party building, and strengthen the efficiency and empowerment of digital party building for grass-roots governance.

　　Adhere to the people-centered orientation and integrate quasi-mathematics with the "steering wheel". The people’s yearning for a better life is our goal. To promote the integration of digital governance, we must adhere to the people-centered orientation, take the improvement of people’s well-being as the starting point and the end result, and stimulate the people’s internal drive to participate in grassroots governance. The first is to enhance people’s ability to participate in digital governance. Digital technology is developing rapidly, but the digital society is a long evolution process. As the main body of grassroots governance, people’s digital literacy determines their ability and level to participate in social governance in the digital age. We should strengthen education and training, make digital technology a powerful tool to realize human liberation, and improve the quality of people’s participation in governance. The second is to stimulate the enthusiasm of individuals to participate in digital governance. Any individual is in an infinite link in the digital age, which also provides an unprecedented possibility for individuals to deeply participate in grassroots governance. This requires us to take mass participation as the center and use digital technology to broaden the channels for individuals to participate in governance. The third is to optimize the efficiency of digital governance services. The ultimate goal of grassroots governance is to let the people share the fruits of social governance. We should strengthen service awareness, promote digital transformation and intelligent upgrading in all fields at the grassroots level, improve quality and efficiency of social governance with digital technology, and let the people share a richer, more convenient and inclusive digital life.

　　Highlight the support of data foundation and grasp the "key points" of digital governance. Data is the key to digital governance and occupies an important position in digital governance. The first is to improve the construction of digital infrastructure. Focus on key projects such as 5G base stations and data centers, accelerate the construction of intelligent comprehensive digital information infrastructure with high-speed ubiquity, integration of heaven and earth, cloud and network integration, intelligence and agility, green and low carbon, security and controllability, and continuously optimize the digital governance environment at the grassroots level. The second is to establish and improve the basic data system. Grasp the basic laws of data property rights, circulation transactions, income distribution and governance security, and accelerate the establishment of data-related institutional systems. Innovate the government data governance mechanism, build a multi-party collaborative governance model of government, enterprises and society, and form a data element governance pattern that combines government and effective market. The third is to release the governance value of data elements. Explore the "grassroots governance in internet plus" model, strengthen the accurate empowerment of big data, and ensure the timely transmission of information dynamics, contradictions and disputes, and task requirements. Accelerate the construction of digital government, and promote "handheld office" and "fingertip office" to become the standard of grassroots governance services, so that data can run more and people can run less errands.

　　Adhere to the systematic thinking method and make good use of the "golden key" in the digital age. Holiness, systematicness and connectivity are the outstanding characteristics of the digital age. To empower grassroots governance with numbers, we must observe society, find problems and grasp the laws with a universal, comprehensive and systematic view of development and change. The first is to coordinate the main body of governance. Make full use of the advantages of data, effectively link grass-roots party organizations at all levels, government functional departments, social organizations, economic organizations and individuals as a whole, accelerate the formation of a working mechanism of "party building leading, digital empowerment, township calling and county response, and linkage up and down", and unite the joint efforts of grassroots governance. The second is to comprehensively grasp the problem. The problem is the voice of the times and the direction of governance. The problem arises regardless of the field, and it affects the whole body. We should turn the data advantage into a comprehensive grasp of the problem and comprehensively use various means to solve the governance problem. The third is to highlight system integration. Using digital technology to promote the effective penetration of all elements of grassroots governance, tap and release the potential of data, enhance the sharing and inclusiveness of data elements, promote the flattening, differentiation, refinement and systematization of social governance, and build a grassroots governance pattern of "a thousand lines above and a network below".

　　Guangming Daily (September 8, 2023, 02 edition)

　　Yingluck (left) and Thaksin (right) (photo from Kyodo News Agency)

　　Overseas networkFebruary 12 thJapanese media quoted "Thailand Daily" as saying that Thailand’s Deputy Prime Minister Prawit Wongsuwan)12 said on the 12th that Thailand’s former two prime ministers Thaksin Shinawatra and Yingla brothers and sisters are currently in Japan. Ba Yi said that the Thai Embassy in Japan and other relevant institutions have been ordered to take necessary measures.

　　According to Kyodo News, Thai Deputy Prime Minister Ba Yi told reporters in Laos, where he visited, that he had received reports that Thaksin and Yingla brothers and sisters were currently in Japan.

　　Japanese media said that Ba Yi did not mention Yingla’s location in Japan and the purpose of going to Japan.

　　Ba Yi said, "The relevant institutions (such as the Thai Embassy in Japan) have been ordered to take necessary measures." He also said that instructions have been issued to collect information related to Yingluck.

　　According to previous reports, on January 9, the Thai Foreign Ministry said that the former Thai Prime Minister Yingluck, who fled abroad to escape the verdict of the rice purchase case, had been staying in the UK since last September. Thai media said that Yingluck has applied for political asylum in Britain and is waiting for a reply from the British authorities. The police chief of Thailand’s national police said that the Thai police would continue their efforts to extradite Yingluck to Thailand.

　　Yingla photos taken by netizens. (Source: Thailand NEW18 Channel Twitter)

　　On December 29th, 2017, the website of NEW18 Channel in Thailand said that some netizens took photos of Yingla shopping in Westfield, a famous British shopping mall. Yingla was immersed in the atmosphere of Christmas Day that day, and her mood was completely unaffected by domestic affairs. This is the first exposure of Yingla’s frontal photo after netizens met in a shopping mall in London, England in November and took a photo of suspected former Thai Prime Minister Yingluck.

　　On August 25, 2017, the original verdict of the former Thai Prime Minister Yingluck’s "rice dereliction of duty case" was postponed. Yingluck said that she could not attend the verdict due to illness, so the Supreme Court of Thailand arrested Yingluck. Since then, the Thai government has confirmed that former Prime Minister Yingluck has fled Thailand. (Compile/Overseas Network Gong Hao)

　　After the British referendum "Brexit" last week, the British exchange rate plummeted and may continue to fall in the future. Britain instantly became the focus of consumers’ attention, and domestic travel agencies immediately launched various concessions to meet the upcoming British tourism boom.

　　Xu Xiaolei, chief brand officer of CYTS Travel Network, believes that Britain’s "Brexit" is a good thing for China tourism investors, which provides an opportunity for China tourism enterprises to "bargain-hunting" in the UK; As travel agencies reduce the cost of purchasing hotels and air tickets, consumers will also get more favorable prices. On the other hand, Britain does not use Schengen visas, but uses British visas and pounds independently, so "Brexit" will not affect British visas.

　　Xu Xiaolei said that from the experience of the tourism industry, the purchase of food, accommodation, travel, entertainment and other factors included in tourism products often occurred one to three months ago, and the impact of exchange rate changes on the price of tourism products often will be fully released in the next one to three months. On the other hand, the downward trend of the exchange rate of the British pound and other currencies affected by this will inevitably lead to an increase in the prices of products that citizens of Britain and other relevant countries visit China, which is not conducive to the recovery of the inbound tourism market to some extent.

　　At present, it is the peak season of summer tourism. For China citizens to travel to the UK, CYTS Travel Network has launched a series of products, such as Britain’s depth and one place, and Britain’s essence connection. Such as panoramic view of Britain-Harry Potter trip, British+Irish food market-royal yacht and other products. Compared with previous years, CYTS pays more attention to the depth and comfort of tourists’ travel experience. Taking Beijing as an example, in view of the pain of tourists’ travel fatigue, all airlines choose direct flights from Beijing to Britain. At the same time, there is a strong demand for summer students’ travel, and the annual summer promotion activity-the series of packages where the results of the college entrance examination are spent as money, will be launched. Those products that are ordered and successfully paid for in the UK from June 27th to July 27th can also enjoy the discount of going straight to 1000 yuan, which will make travel to the UK more affordable.

　　In addition, Britain’s "Brexit" has caused the pound to show a large downward trend, which also brings the best opportunity for tourists to shop in the UK. From June to August, the temperature in Britain is not only suitable for tourists to travel, but also the summer discount season will come. World-class brands in the major shopping cities of Britain, such as Manchester and London, will have large discounts, which is a rare window for tourists to travel and shop.

　　There will be an explosive growth in tourism to Britain.

　　According to statistics, in 2015, the number of tourists from China to the UK increased by 46% compared with 2014, reaching 270,000; At the same time, China tourists’ spending also increased by 18%, reaching 586 million pounds. According to the data released by Ctrip, Britain is one of the important destinations for Chinese people to travel to Europe, especially during the summer vacation, ranking in the top three all the year round.

　　Judging from the British referendum "Brexit" and the sharp drop in the pound, it should be very obvious to boost Chinese people’s travel to the UK in the short term. With the decline of local tourism costs and shopping costs, the cost performance will be greatly improved. Ctrip experts believe that after the exchange rate fell, the cost of ground connection in the UK dropped by about 9%. "It can be said that this is an unprecedented good time to travel to the UK".

　　The devaluation of the pound will further stimulate Chinese people’s desire to go shopping in Britain. It is reported that the "sweeping army" has planned to go to the UK, and Ctrip expects that there will be explosive growth in British tourism this summer.

　　According to Ctrip’s statistics, the popularity of the UK has been rising steadily since the implementation of multiple visas to the UK for two years in January 2016. From January to June this year, Ctrip’s team tours, free travel, ticket play and other business services exceeded 10,000 people, an increase of 40% over last year. Britain ranks 24th among the most popular overseas destinations for China tourists and second in Europe. According to Ctrip data, in the first half of 2016, the European destinations visited by China tourists were: Italy, Britain, Germany, Russian and French.

　　According to statistics, the average cost of domestic tourists traveling to the UK is 15,025 yuan, of which the proportion of free travel for group tours is 52∶48, which is the mainstream compared with the connected products in previous years. Since this year, the number of tourists who choose the UK for in-depth group tours and free travel has increased significantly. More than 50% of consumers choose products from the UK, and the products of "Scotland+England+Ireland for 10 nights on the 12th" have the most transactions on Ctrip App, with nearly 3,000. Nearly 50% of China tourists stay in the UK for more than 10 days, and 40% of tourists stay in the UK for 7-10 days.

　　At present, Britain’s influence in China’s first tier cities obviously exceeds that of second-tier cities. In the first half of 2016, the top 10 cities that visited Britain were Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Chengdu, Wuhan, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Shenyang and Fuzhou. However, British officials, airlines and domestic travel agencies are optimistic about the growth of second-and third-tier cities: Britain will set up three visa service centers in Xi ‘an, Changsha and Kunming next month to meet the strong tourism demand of China tourists. Just last Saturday, Chongqing opened its first direct flight route to London.

　　The number of searches in the UK doubled from the previous month.

　　According to Ctrip, this weekend after Brexit, the search volume of keywords related to British travel such as "Britain" and "British pound exchange rate" in Ctrip’s Raiders community has doubled month-on-month. Not only that, but also the browsing volume of pocket raiders and travel notes of relevant destinations in the UK has increased accordingly. In the words of the person in charge of Ctrip Raiders, "It seems that all people who have plans to travel in the summer vacation are watching Britain this weekend."

　　According to the data provided by Ctrip, among the British destinations that Chinese people want to visit most, the British Museum ranks first, followed by Buckingham Palace, London Eye, Thames, Tower Bridge, Edinburgh, Cambridge University, Manchester, Oxford University, Bath and Birmingham.

　　After the news of the referendum "Brexit" was announced last weekend, the search volume of Ctrip App UK routes increased by 200%, and the volume of UK orders in summer increased by 150% month-on-month. Many routes were sold out as of the beginning of August. Experts predict that if the exchange rate continues to fall, Britain will become the biggest dark horse market in the second half of this year.

　　Beijing, May 20 (Reporter Liu Huimin) According to the Voice of China report, the National Ecological Environmental Protection Conference was held in Beijing from 18th to 19th. This is the first national conference with the theme of ecological environmental protection since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and its importance is self-evident.

　　At the meeting, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader delivered an important speech, comprehensively summed up the historic achievements and changes in China’s ecological civilization construction and ecological environment protection since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, profoundly expounded the great significance of strengthening ecological civilization construction, clearly put forward the important principles that must be adhered to in strengthening ecological civilization construction, and made comprehensive arrangements for strengthening ecological environment protection and fighting a tough battle against pollution. What important information was released at this conference? How to draw a new picture of beautiful China in the future?

　　From 1973 to 2011, China held seven national environmental protection conferences. The word "ecology" was added to the name of this year’s conference for the first time, and the conference specifications exceeded the past. Lu Jun, Party Secretary and Vice President of the Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, believes that this shows that the central government attaches great importance to ecological environmental protection.

　　The army said that this meeting was the first national ecological environmental protection conference convened by the CPC Central Committee. Adding the word "ecology" is also related to institutional reform. Simple environmental protection can’t solve big problems, and it must be combined with ecology. "All the Standing Committee members in Beijing attended, and the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader delivered an important speech. It should be said that the specifications are unprecedented. The meeting systematically and completely put forward the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought, which I think is also the most important achievement of the conference. "

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has carried out a series of fundamental, pioneering and long-term work to promote historic, turning and overall changes in ecological environmental protection. In his speech, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that, on the whole, the quality of China’s ecological environment has continued to improve, showing a steady and positive trend, but the results are not stable. He also used "critical period", "critical period" and "window period" to describe the current situation faced by ecological civilization construction.

　　Wu Shunze, secretary of the Party Committee and director of the Environmental and Economic Policy Research Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that the description of the "three phases" not only talked about the arduousness of the task of waiting for no one, but also talked about the extreme importance of accelerating the completion of the shortcomings of ecological protection, and also talked about the objective foundation with conditions and capabilities. Unify thoughts for the whole party and the whole country, face difficulties and strengthen confidence.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the ecological environment is a major political issue related to the mission and purpose of the Party and a major social issue related to people’s livelihood. To promote the construction of ecological civilization in the new era, we must adhere to six principles.

　　Wu Shunze believes that these six principles are actually the essence of the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought. He said: "The first one insisted on the harmonious coexistence between man and nature. You can’t just talk about taking from nature, but don’t talk about input; Can’t just talk about utilization, not repair; We can’t just talk about development, not protection. The second one insisted on Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. This is related to the core path, and actually reveals the essential relationship between development and protection. The third insistence is actually about who and the purpose of development. This time, it is clearly put forward that ecology benefits the people, ecology benefits the people and ecology serves the people, which is the most fundamental starting point or foothold of development. The fourth systematic thinking, which insists on overall consideration and overall policy, is actually a question of basic strategy and methodology. The fifth insistence points out a key point. We must take reform and innovation as the fundamental driving force, improve the institutional system and enhance the binding force of the system. The sixth insistence involves a global outlook, and building an ecological civilization is the common dream of mankind. "

　　In his speech, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader also proposed to speed up the construction of an ecological civilization system. The Army said that, specifically, the ecological civilization system referred to by the Supreme Leader General Secretary includes five aspects: ecological culture system, ecological economy system, target responsibility system, system of ecological civilization system and ecological security system. Among them, many are new formulations.

　　The army said that speeding up the establishment and improvement of an eco-cultural system based on ecological values has never been mentioned before and should be raised to a cultural level. The eco-economic system with industrial ecologicalization and eco-industrialization as the main body has laid the foundation for high-quality development. For example, how to turn green mountains and green hills into Jinshan Yinshan? There is a process in the middle, that is, to industrialize ecology and establish an ecological economic system. There are system of ecological civilization system and target responsibility system. Finally, an ecological security system focusing on the virtuous cycle of ecosystem and effective prevention and control of environmental risks is put forward, and environmental security and ecological security are regarded as an important part of China’s overall security. In the army’s view, the construction of the five systems is several important contents of the next ecological civilization construction system.

　　By speeding up the construction of an ecological civilization system, the Supreme Leader General Secretary clearly put forward the goals to be achieved by 2035 and by the middle of this century. Wu Shunze believes that these two phased goals are different in both degree and field.

　　Wu Shunze analyzed that by 2035, the quality of ecological environment will be fundamentally improved, and the goal of beautiful China will be basically achieved. If you look closely, the goal of 2035 is basically that the ecological environment quality itself is more. As for the goal in the middle of this century, it is proposed that the ecological civilization will be improved in an all-round way, the green development mode and lifestyle will be formed in an all-round way, man and nature will coexist harmoniously, and the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity in the field of ecological environment will be fully realized. In addition to environmental quality, it also involves the level of ecological civilization, the way of development and lifestyle, and the concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, including the modernization of governance system and governance capacity, with more comprehensive fields and richer connotations.

　　As an important part of the new development concept, green development was also mentioned again by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader at the meeting. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader also stressed that solving outstanding ecological environment problems should be regarded as a priority area of people’s livelihood, including winning the blue sky defense war, implementing the action plan for water pollution prevention and control in depth, fully implementing the action plan for soil pollution prevention and control, and continuously carrying out rural human settlements improvement actions.

　　Wu Shunze analyzed: "The air, water, soil and rural areas are actually the shortcomings of the ecological environment, or one of the shortcomings of building a well-off society in an all-round way is the ecological environment, and the shortcomings of the ecological environment are concentrated in these key areas. In fact, since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, these aspects have also been the key areas that we have made great efforts to promote. In other words, on the basis of past work, we should continue to attack hard, highlight key points, speed up the filling of shortcomings, and achieve such an effect of building a well-off society in an all-round way. "

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader also pointed out that it is necessary to effectively prevent ecological and environmental risks, accelerate the reform of the ecological civilization system, and improve the level of environmental governance. He stressed that it is a big battle, a tough battle and a bitter battle to fight the tough battle against pollution, with tight time, heavy tasks and great difficulties, and the leadership of the Party must be strengthened. The main leaders of local party committees and governments at all levels are the first responsible persons for ecological environment protection in their respective administrative areas. For those leading cadres who damage the ecological environment, we must really pursue responsibility, dare to pursue responsibility, and strictly pursue responsibility, so as to achieve lifelong accountability.

　　Wu Shunze believes that to fight the battle against pollution, party committees and governments at all levels and their relevant departments must shoulder the political responsibility of ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection. It is in line with objective laws and basic national conditions to regard the results of ecological environment assessment as an important basis for cadres’ rewards and punishments and promotion and use, and to implement lifelong accountability, which is also a "bull’s nose" to solve China’s ecological environment protection system and the biggest institutional magic weapon. Two of them are very important, one is negative example, the other is positive motivation. It is necessary to severely punish a number of negative examples, and sometimes it is better to publicize it a thousand times than to be accountable. At the same time, the positive incentive effect is also very important, so that those who improve the environment will benefit and cadres who make greater efforts to improve the quality of the ecological environment will be promoted. It is necessary to weaken the baton function of GDP assessment, and at the same time strengthen the baton function of green performance assessment, and form a correct view of performance through assessment and accountability. In this way, there will be a good foundation for fighting a tough battle in the next 2-3 years.

Recently, the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Process of Chinese Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as Qingdao Energy Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences) has received good news: the institute and Shijiazhuang Changyou Bioenergy Co., Ltd. of Hebei Changqing Group have jointly overcome the problem of transforming the fluidized bed homogeneous hydrogenation process to produce second-generation biodiesel, and successfully started the production of second-generation biodiesel in Changyou Bioenergy Company with a scale of 200,000 tons/year, marking that ZKBH homogeneous hydrogenation technology of Qingdao Energy Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences has become the first technology in the world to successfully mass-produce commercial second-generation biodiesel by liquid molecular catalysis.

As the inventor of ZKBH’s second-generation biodiesel technology and the director of Changyou industrialization project, Dr. Chen Song, a researcher at Qingdao Institute of Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said happily that at present, all the operating indexes of the plant are stable, and the biodiesel yield can reach over 80% in production, reaching the world advanced level, and the product quality meets the standards for exporting to the European Union.

Independent innovation of ZKBH homogeneous hydrogenation technology

Replacing traditional energy with new energy, replacing scarce energy with superior energy, and replacing fossil energy with renewable energy … China is facing an urgent task of developing alternative energy.

However, worldwide, the production technology of the second generation biodiesel is difficult, and all the existing mainstream devices adopt fixed-bed production. The fixed-bed hydrogenation technology is the most widely used and fastest-growing hydrogenation technology in industry at present. However, the fixed-bed hydrogenation requires higher raw materials, and the catalyst is easy to lose its activity, especially for oil with high phosphorus and silicon content, which is easy to be poisoned and reduce its reaction activity, resulting in limited output. However, the raw materials for biodiesel production are complex, with many impurities and high acid value, so it is difficult to directly use fixed bed hydrogenation. Chen Song said that ZKBH homogeneous hydrogenation technology draws lessons from the advantages of suspended bed and fluidized bed residue hydrogenation, and solves the problems that solid catalyst is easy to lose activity and treat bio-oil is easy to pulverize by developing efficient liquid catalyst. At the same time, liquid catalyst can perfectly cooperate with semi-ceramic water-resistant solid catalyst independently developed by Qingdao Energy Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences to achieve high yield and ensure the long-term operation stability of industrial devices. He believes that the spring of renewable energy and biomass fuel in China is coming soon.

Industry-University-Research combines flowering and fruiting.

Chen Song said that the raw materials of the first generation biodiesel and the second generation biodiesel are the same, but the production process is quite different. The first generation biodiesel is fatty acid methyl ester produced by transesterification technology, and the production process is simple. The second generation biodiesel adopts catalytic hydrogenation process, and the products obtained have different chemical structures, which belong to clean and high-quality hydrocarbon second generation biodiesel obtained by clean hydrogenation process. Compared with the first generation biodiesel, namely fatty acid methyl ester, the second generation biodiesel is identical to diesel in chemical structure, with similar viscosity and calorific value, equivalent oxidation stability and lower emission advantages. It belongs to the same hydrocarbon as petroleum-based diesel oil, which does not affect the storage and transportation of diesel oil, the engine and tail gas treatment, and has higher quality. At the same time, the CO2 emission of the second-generation biodiesel is lower than that of diesel, which can reduce the limited and unrestricted pollutant emissions (including SOx and NOx), reduce the particulate matter emissions, greatly reduce the engine scaling, and significantly reduce the noise.

Talking about the R&D and production process of the second-generation biodiesel technical achievements, Chen Song said that this technical achievement embodies the wisdom and hard work of the team and is the result of the combination of Industry-University-Research.

At the beginning of 2020, Shijiazhuang Changyou Bioenergy Co., Ltd. sought the second-generation biodiesel production technology, and after investigation, it was admired for exchanges and cooperation with Qingdao Energy Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Qingdao Institute of Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences put forward ZKBH industrialization technical transformation scheme of liquid catalytic fluidized bed hydrogenation coupled with solid catalytic hydrodeoxygenation upgrading, which was immediately launched in Changyou Bioenergy Company, with the first phase of treating 200,000 tons of biomass oil to produce the second generation biodiesel.

After three months of repeated debugging and experiments, the teams of both parties worked together. After all the equipment adjustment and technological process transformation were completed on site and the first batch of liquid catalyst and supporting biodiesel solid upgrading catalyst were delivered to the site, on July 30, the device was officially tested and started, and the feed was switched to 8 tons/hour at a time. The first raw material was biomass raw material with domestic waste oil as the main component. On August 6th, the product was officially produced. The second-generation product, biological product, was water-white, with a density of 0.7903, cetane index close to 100, and sulfur and nitrogen were all less than 5. After being sent to relevant institutions in Shanghai for testing, the product reached the EU standard for biodiesel export, and all the product indicators met the standard. (Reporter Wang Jiangao)