March 29th is the first day when the Civil Aviation Administration of China requested to implement the policy of "one airline, one country, one route" to cut international flights. This week (March 29th to April 4th), the number of international flights in China will be reduced to 108, with a decrease of 85.3%, only equivalent to 1.2% before the outbreak.

　　With the sharp reduction of return flights, return air tickets continue to climb without accident. In various WeChat groups, the prices of return air tickets in Europe and America are 100,000 in economy class and 200,000 in business class.

　　However, if you check the airline app or ota platform yourself, it is difficult to find any recent tickets, especially if you want to buy a direct flight ticket to return home in recent days.

　　On March 28th, China Eastern Airlines directly announced the news in its official Weibo. During the period from March 29th to May 2nd, China Eastern Airlines’ flights from new york, Toronto, Sydney, Auckland, Seoul and Manila to Shanghai Pudong were all sold out.

　　On the one hand, airlines say that the tickets have been sold out, but on the other hand, there are still people selling more than 100 thousand high-priced return tickets in the circle of friends in the next few days. Who is behind this?

　　Who is raising the price?

　　Like domestic air tickets, the pricing of international air tickets has strict rules.

　　According to the Notice on the Provisions on the Administration of International Air Freight Rates issued by the Civil Aviation Administration (hereinafter referred to as the Notice), in order to establish, adjust and modify international air freight rates, after the Chinese (or foreign) airlines and the foreign (or Chinese) airlines agree, it is necessary to declare the freight rates to be implemented to the Civil Aviation Administration.

　　Therefore, like domestic air tickets, international air tickets are limited by the amount of full-price economy class and full-price business class. However, when the supply and demand are not so tight at ordinary times, airlines will publish the price of discounted cabin on the basis of full-price tickets.

　　When the demand for air tickets on a certain route exceeds the supply, the fare will naturally rise, but it cannot be higher than the full-price ticket of this route. The notice of the Civil Aviation Administration requires that airlines should adjust the international air freight rate, and the Civil Aviation Administration will decide whether to approve it according to the relevant national policies, the international air freight rate at that time, the market situation and the changes in the currency exchange rate.

　　According to the reporter’s understanding, in recent days, with the surge in demand for returning to China on international routes, the three major airlines that are basically empty have indeed applied for raising the full-price tickets of relevant international routes one after another.

　　For example, on Air China’s flight from London Heathrow to Shanghai Pudong, the full price of economy class ticket was 16,710 yuan before March 20, and it was raised to 29,860 yuan after March 20, and the full price of business class ticket was also raised from 34,170 yuan to 41,690 yuan.

　　For the flight of China Eastern Airlines from London Heathrow to Shanghai Pudong, the full price of economy class ticket was 25,980 yuan before March 20th, and it was raised to 26,460 yuan after March 20th, and the full price of business class ticket was also raised from 35,420 yuan to 42,880 yuan.

　　However, at present, most passengers can’t buy tickets for returning from London through the above prices. In recent days, they can also buy direct flights from London. It is lucky that the economy class does not exceed 100,000, and the business class exceeds 160,000, which is comparable to the single seat freight rate for returning from business jets.

　　Many insiders revealed to reporters that from the full price of more than 20,000 economy class to the actual transaction price of 100,000 yuan, there have actually been many changes of hands behind the price increase, and even the price increase parties are not necessarily ticket agents with formal licenses, but scalpers with customer resources.

　　Some people purchase, some people distribute, and increase the price layer by layer. The return ticket is pushed higher and higher in this interest chain.

　　However, according to the notice requirements of the Civil Aviation Administration, it is absolutely illegal to continue to increase the fare on the basis of full-price tickets in economy class or business class: "Chinese and foreign airlines should ensure that their own companies (or their offices) and their sales agents implement the approved international air freight rates, and may not reduce or add additional fees in any name (except airport fees or taxes and insurance fees collected according to relevant regulations), and the collection fees shall be indicated in the corresponding columns of the tickets."

　　Who is occupying a seat?

　　In addition to the distributors who increase prices at different levels, there are also many ways for buyers who can get first-hand seat resources.

　　In normal times, air ticket agent is an important channel for airlines to sell air tickets. By purchasing the configuration from China Airlines, they can see the remaining space, fare and other information of an airline route in the background. By inputting the passenger’s ID card or passport information, they can book an air ticket and then issue the ticket within 24 hours.

　　What is said here is the operation of a regular air ticket agent. 24 hours is not a fixed time limit for issuing tickets, and each airline will have differences, and it is 24 hours in the peak season, and the time limit may be relaxed for a longer period in the off-season.

　　However, this time difference between booking and ticketing gives many unscrupulous agents (even scalpers who have rented the agent configuration) the opportunity to "exploit loopholes": select the flight with few seats left, book the ticket of this flight with any passport information, and then cancel the virtual reservation until a real customer comes to buy the ticket, and at the same time buy it with the passport information of the real customer, and then sell it at a higher price than the background fare of the airline company.

　　With the increasing scarcity of return air tickets in Europe and America, the operation of "virtual seat occupation" is becoming more and more "rampant". Even a large-scale airline ticket agency mobilized employees to collectively "occupy seats" and collected a large number of remaining seats on different European and American routes.

　　The airline company is not ignorant of such a "loophole" way. A few days ago, China Southern issued a penalty notice for illegal agents, saying that agents illegally occupied a large number of seats on flights, blocked the configuration of airmail for 93 agents who violated the rules recently or stopped selling China Southern’s authorization.

　　More airlines began to narrow the time difference between booking and ticketing, some required that tickets must be issued within three hours, and some even shortened the time difference to 20 minutes. However, this requirement gave birth to a new way of purchasing tickets.

　　Agents (or scalpers) began to collect customers’ specific needs for returning to China in advance, including departure place, destination, intended departure time, acceptable upper limit of air ticket price, etc., and required customers to pay a deposit ranging from 10,000 to 100,000 (if they can’t get a refund, they won’t get a refund if they buy it), saying that once there are tickets that meet the needs, they will not be notified to issue tickets immediately.

　　A number of airline ticket agents who have worked in the industry for many years revealed to reporters that with the airline company’s stricter control over "false occupancy", it is not easy to grab seats now, either by using the time when everyone slept after the early hours of the morning to brush in the background to see if anyone has refunded tickets, or by colluding with the relevant personnel of the airline company to leave the remaining seats to the designated sellers.

　　Who should be punished?

　　In the face of increasing illegal fare increase and seat occupation, airlines have also begun to increase their intervention.

　　A few days ago, China Eastern Airlines issued a notice, requiring agents to follow the price and conditions of use of company tickets, and it is strictly forbidden to increase sales, otherwise they will be punished for violating agency behavior. However, similar situations are still repeated.

　　Air China, on the other hand, made up its mind to suspend the release of all its international/regional flight information in all booking systems around the world and ota flagship stores in China, requiring passengers to purchase tickets through direct sales channels.

　　Subsequently, Xiamen Airlines also issued a similar notice, which cut off the sales source of unscrupulous agents from the source, but it also affected the normal sales of regular agents with long-term fixed customers.

　　"The full price increase of air tickets should be reported to the Civil Aviation Administration. If the sales price exceeds the upper limit, it will violate the civil aviation regulations. If it does not exceed the upper limit, it will also violate the sales policy of the airline company." Lin Zhijie, an insider in the civil aviation industry, pointed out to reporters that passengers who bought high-priced return tickets can complain to the relevant departments or airlines about the difference if they keep the ticket number and payment records. By comparing the ticket price corresponding to the ticket number with the actual payment price, they can know how much the ticket they bought was added and by whom.

　　According to the website of Shenzhen Development and Reform Commission on the 6th, Shenzhen Development and Reform Commission, Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Shenzhen Bureau of Industry and Information Technology and Shenzhen Bureau of Planning and Natural Resources issued the Action Plan for Cultivating and Developing New Energy Industry Clusters in Shenzhen (2022-2025). It is proposed that by 2025, the installed capacity of new energy power generation in the city will reach 83%, the industrial added value will reach about 100 billion yuan, and there will be 3-5 enterprises with annual added value of 10 billion yuan and 30 enterprises with annual added value of 1 billion yuan, thus forming a new industrial development ecology of generate with coordinated upstream and downstream development of industrial chain, concentration of innovative elements and market vitality.

Action Plan for Cultivating and Developing New Energy Industry Clusters in Shenzhen (2022-2025)

　　In order to accelerate the cultivation and development of new energy industrial clusters, this action plan is formulated according to the spirit of documents such as the Action Plan for Cultivating New Energy Strategic Emerging Industrial Clusters in Guangdong Province (2021-2025) and the Opinions of Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government on Developing and Strengthening Strategic Emerging Industrial Clusters and Cultivating Future Industries.

　　I. General situation

　　The new energy industry referred to in this action plan mainly includes nuclear energy, smart grid, solar energy, energy storage, natural gas and its hydrate, wind energy, hydrogen energy, geothermal energy, ocean energy and other fields.

　　(1) Development status. One isIndustrial development has begun to take shape. In 2021, the added value of Shenzhen’s new energy industry is about 64.2 billion yuan, and a number of well-known enterprises at home and abroad have emerged in key areas such as nuclear energy, smart grid, solar energy and energy storage.The second isThe new energy supply capacity has been steadily improved. In 2021, the installed capacity of new energy power generation accounts for 77% of the total installed capacity of the city, and the natural gas supply capacity accounts for over 40% of the province.The third isThe ability of scientific and technological innovation is increasing day by day. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the number of new energy innovation carriers doubled, and more than 100 vehicles were built.The fourth isOutstanding achievements have been made in the construction of the standard system, and more than 1,000 national and industrial standards in the field of nuclear power have been revised, ranking first in China; Deeply participate in the compilation of the world’s first virtual power plant standard system.The fifth isThe influence of the international market continues to expand. CGNPC provides new energy power to 15 countries and regions around the world, and the number and scale of nuclear power units under construction are leading the world; The market share of negative materials for photovoltaic inverters and lithium-ion batteries ranks among the top in the world.

　　(2) There are problems. One isThe agglomeration effect of some industries is still not outstanding, the application scale of photovoltaic and offshore wind power needs to be improved, and emerging fields such as hydrogen energy and geothermal energy are still in the early stage of cultivation.The second isThe ability of independent innovation still needs to be strengthened, and some key core components and materials still rely mainly on imports.The third isThe degree of industrial integration needs to be further deepened, the level of integration of new energy and advanced information technology needs to be improved, and the application scenarios of multi-energy complementarity still need to be expanded.The fourth isThe ability of communication and cooperation at home and abroad needs to be strengthened urgently, and the pace of "going out" in the advantageous areas and "bringing in" in the weak links still needs to be accelerated.

　　(3) Advantages and opportunities. One isOur new energy industry headquarters has outstanding R&D characteristics. It has a number of well-known leading enterprises in the fields of nuclear energy, photovoltaic, energy storage and hydrogen energy, and focuses on the research and development of high-end links in the industrial chain, value chain and technology chain, which has initially formed a trend of gathering high-quality resources for R&D in the headquarters.The second isSome cutting-edge technical fields have reached the advanced level at home and abroad. The third-generation nuclear power technology and safety performance indicators of the independent brand "Hualong No.1" are internationally leading, and technologies such as intelligent photovoltaic inverter and lithium ion energy storage are globally leading, and the rated power of proton exchange membrane fuel cells is domestically leading.The third isThe green and low-carbon transformation in the energy field has been greatly accelerated, and the energy structure will become increasingly diversified in the future. New energy will become the main body of global energy consumption increment under the background of "double carbon", providing great opportunities for the development of new energy industry in our city.

　　Second, the work objectives

　　By 2025, the city’s new energy industry cluster will form a development pattern of leading scale, innovation-driven, integration and openness, cultivate and expand a number of backbone leading enterprises and innovation platforms to promote the coordinated development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and build a highland leading the high-quality development of the new energy industry in the country.

　　(A) industrial agglomeration effect significantly enhanced.By 2025, the installed capacity of new energy power generation in the city will reach 83%, and the industrial added value will reach about 100 billion yuan. There will be 3-5 enterprises with annual added value of 10 billion yuan and 30 enterprises with annual added value of 1 billion yuan, forming a new industrial development ecology of generate with coordinated upstream and downstream development of industrial chain, agglomeration of innovative elements and market vitality.

　　(2) The capability of independent innovation has been greatly improved.Focusing on key areas such as nuclear energy, smart grid, photovoltaic and energy storage, we will build a number of national, provincial and municipal innovation platforms with high standards, break through a number of key industrial core technologies, formulate a number of industrial technical standards and norms, and build them into an important source of technological innovation in the field of new energy.

　　(3) The development of industrial integration continued to deepen.New energy is deeply integrated with 5G, big data, artificial intelligence and other industries. Promote the two-way interaction of energy and information between smart grid and electric vehicle by using new energy storage as the medium. Pilot a number of multi-energy complementary comprehensive energy projects to promote the leap-forward development of comprehensive energy services through application and demonstration.

　　(4) The degree of openness and cooperation has been further deepened.Remarkable results have been achieved in cooperation with Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area cities, domestic key energy bases and countries along the Belt and Road in new energy supply, new energy technology and equipment, green investment and financing, and a new model of complementary advantages and mutual benefit has been explored for energy innovation cooperation at home and abroad.

　　Third, key tasks

　　(1) Make industrial clusters bigger and better.Focusing on advanced nuclear energy, smart grid, new energy storage, natural gas and other advantageous fields, leading backbone enterprises will drive the coordinated development of the whole industrial chain, vigorously cultivate "specialized and innovative" small and medium-sized enterprises, and enhance the supporting level of specialization and cooperation. Focusing on renewable energy fields such as photovoltaic and offshore wind power, we will cultivate and develop new energy equipment manufacturing and productive service industries with market applications, encourage enterprises to actively explore domestic and foreign markets, and build a number of leading brands with international influence. Around emerging energy industries such as hydrogen energy, natural gas hydrate, geothermal energy and ocean energy, we will build innovation platforms and carry out application demonstrations, build a collaborative innovation system for Industry-University-Research, overcome key core technologies, and seize the commanding heights of emerging energy industries. [Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Bureau of Commerce, Service Bureau for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, and all districts (New District, Shenzhen-Shantou Special Cooperation Zone) are responsible according to the division of responsibilities]

　　(2) Improve the level of technological innovation.Accelerate the construction of a market-oriented new energy technology innovation system and comprehensively improve the level of new energy technology and equipment innovation. Integrate domestic and foreign high-end innovation resources, actively create national-level innovation platforms in the fields of nuclear energy and smart grid, support enterprises to set up a number of innovation carriers at or above the municipal level in the fields of photovoltaic, energy storage and natural gas, and lay out a number of functional technology industry innovation platforms such as pilot tests, application verification and material testing. We will intensify efforts to tackle key core and common technologies and form a number of advanced technological innovations with independent intellectual property rights. Support leading enterprises and industry associations to take the lead or participate in the formulation and revision of technical standards in smart grid, energy storage, hydrogen energy and other fields, and promote technology patenting, patent standardization and internationalization of standards. (Municipal Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Development and Reform Commission, Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Human Resources Security Bureau, Market Supervision Bureau, etc. are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

　　(3) Promote industrial integration and development.Promote the deep integration of new energy and new generation information technology, develop new technologies and products of smart energy, actively develop smart energy service industry, and build a more perfect smart energy industry ecosystem. We will build comprehensive energy supply facilities according to local conditions, innovate and carry out two-way interaction between smart grid and electric vehicles, and realize the coordinated and optimized development of new energy and electric vehicles. Promote the mutual empowerment and development of various fields of new energy industry, and form a new pattern of industrial integration and development with flexible access of multiple energy sources and integration of source, network and storage. (Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Transportation Bureau, etc. are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

　　(4) Strengthen open cooperation in energy.Actively undertake the major task of developing new energy industrial clusters in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, strengthen exchanges and interactions with cities, promote mutually beneficial cooperation in the fields of hydrogen energy and offshore wind power, and strengthen the leading role of Shenzhen’s new energy industries in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s urban radiation. Seize the opportunity of domestic "double carbon" development, extensively carry out cooperation in new energy industry, accelerate the popularization and application of new energy technology in Shenzhen, improve the economy and applicability of new energy products, and promote the green and low-carbon transformation of energy in the country. Deepen cooperation with countries along the "Belt and Road" in energy infrastructure, broaden the channels for "bringing in" new energy, and accelerate the pace of "going out" of new energy technology and equipment and engineering services. (Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Greater Bay Area Office of the Municipal Party Committee, Bureau of Commerce, Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Bureau of Ecological Environment, etc. are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

　　(5) Promoting institutional and institutional innovation.We will further deepen the reform of the electricity market, break through institutional and institutional barriers, and encourage the development of new formats and modes such as distributed energy and comprehensive energy services. Actively implement the national natural gas system reform, and promote the formation of a natural gas market system with multi-channel supply of upstream resources, unified and efficient collection and transportation of intermediate pipe networks, and full competition in downstream sales markets. Improve the formation mechanism of new energy prices, explore guidance-oriented policies conducive to the development of new energy industries, and give full play to the role of market price leverage adjustment. We will build an efficient and inclusive new energy service system, take the pilot project of notification and commitment system for licensing approval in the energy field as a breakthrough, promote the reform of energy management system and mechanism, and create a business environment for the development of new energy industries with national competitiveness. (Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Municipal Party Committee Reform Office, Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Housing Construction Bureau, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, Bureau of Commerce, Government Service Data Administration Bureau, etc. are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

　　Fourth, key projects

　　(1) Advanced nuclear energy propulsion project.We will continue to promote the development of the third-generation nuclear power technology of "Hualong No.1" in the direction of intelligence, strengthen the research and development of technologies such as nuclear fuel assemblies and accident-tolerant fuels, and carry out cutting-edge technologies for the fourth-generation nuclear power. Support the development of nuclear power supporting industries such as safety protection and monitoring, communication systems, nuclear-grade cables and power supply systems. Encourage the research and development of non-powered nuclear technology and promote the comprehensive application of nuclear technology in the fields of environmental protection, medical health and new materials. (Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Bureau of Commerce, Health and Wellness Commission, Market Supervision Bureau, etc. are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

　　(2) Smart Grid Leading Project.Focus on high-reliability power supply, high-temperature superconducting power transmission, flexible AC DC power distribution, digital power grid and other directions to carry out key technical research, promote the application of state monitoring of power transmission and transformation equipment and 5G intelligent inspection technology, and improve the level of intelligence and flexibility of power grid. Support the research and development, equipment manufacturing, popularization and application of new power system technology with small intelligence, safety and reliability, plug and play and flexible networking, and adapt to the flexible access demand of adjustable resources on the user side. Actively promote the construction of high-quality power supply leading areas, and continuously improve power quality and power supply reliability. Actively encourage the demonstration application of demand side response in the fields of new energy vehicle V2G, construction, commerce, industry, etc., pilot the construction of a virtual power plant platform, and create a "thousand cars and thousands of piles" demonstration project of vehicle-network interaction. Actively participate in the trading operation of the power market, continue to promote the pilot of incremental distribution network, explore market players to carry out multi-party direct transactions, and study and build a digital energy trading platform. [Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Municipal Party Committee Reform Office, Development and Reform Commission, Science and Technology Innovation Commission, and all districts (New District, Shenzhen-Shantou Special Cooperation Zone) are responsible according to the division of responsibilities]

　　(3) Photovoltaic development and expansion project.Strengthen the industrial chain of photovoltaic equipment, batteries and components, system integration and power station construction and operation. Expand and improve the advantages of photovoltaic inverters and solar cell manufacturing equipment, and strive to promote the development of photovoltaic inverters in the direction of high power density, power grid friendliness and high intelligence, and actively develop a new generation of crystalline silicon solar cell manufacturing equipment. Support the research and development and application demonstration of heterojunction batteries and perovskite batteries, and promote the cost reduction and efficiency improvement of new high-efficiency solar cells. Make full use of different spaces such as building roofs, parks, green spaces, traffic stations, etc., vigorously promote distributed photovoltaics in accordance with the principle of "building as appropriate as possible", actively carry out the integrated construction of photovoltaic buildings, encourage qualified projects to configure energy storage facilities, and accelerate the pilot work of distributed photovoltaic development in Longgang District. [Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Industry and Information Technology Bureau, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, Housing Construction Bureau, Transportation Bureau, Culture, Radio, Film, Television, Tourism and Sports Bureau, Health and Wellness Commission, Emergency Management Bureau, Organ Affairs Administration Bureau, and all districts (New District, Shenzhen-Shantou Special Cooperation Zone) are responsible according to the division of responsibilities]

　　(4) New energy storage development projects.Continue to expand the new energy storage industry system based on electrochemical energy storage. Broaden the procurement channels of electrochemical energy storage raw materials, and encourage leading enterprises to actively deploy upstream mineral resources. Promote the development of national advanced battery material industry cluster, and develop key battery materials such as high safety, low cost and long life battery anode and cathode materials, high temperature resistance and low resistance diaphragm, and high conductivity electrolyte. Strengthen the research and development of key technologies in battery modules, converters, energy management systems, system integration and other fields, advance the layout of next-generation frontier battery technologies such as solid-state batteries, and promote the development of the industry to the high end of the value chain. We will improve the energy storage standard system, and focus on developing standards in the fields of energy storage equipment manufacturing, ladder utilization, and safe operation and maintenance. Power supply side and power grid side energy storage systems are arranged according to the demand of power grid peak load shedding and valley filling, and user side energy storage systems are built according to local conditions with data centers, 5G base stations, charging facilities and industrial parks as application scenarios. With distributed energy stations as the main form and advanced energy storage technology as the support, we will build a multi-energy complementary comprehensive energy demonstration project. Study the supporting price incentive mechanism for energy storage and distributed energy development, and explore support policies such as green electricity price. (Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Science and Technology Innovation Committee, Development and Reform Commission, Bureau of Commerce, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, Market Supervision Bureau, etc. are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

　　(5) Natural gas expansion and utilization project.Consolidate and improve the natural gas supply security pattern of "multi-gas sources, one network, land and sea cooperation and interconnection". In view of the key technologies in the gas field, such as Internet of Things terminal sensing system, industrial safety system, and efficient utilization of bio-natural gas, we will carry out research, strengthen technical research on core components and materials at the hot end of gas turbines, and actively strive to be included in the first national (set) major technical equipment demonstration project. Promote the construction of gas storage facilities, improve the urban natural gas transmission and distribution system, vigorously promote the application of pipeline natural gas, and strive to achieve 90% penetration rate of natural gas pipelines during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period. Vigorously develop the producer service industry in the natural gas field, improve the offshore LNG filling service level, and build a global LNG filling center. Promote natural gas storage and transportation facilities such as Guangdong Dapeng LNG Receiving Station and Shenzhen LNG Receiving Station of the State Grid to be further opened to third parties fairly, and cooperate with upstream and downstream enterprise clusters to build Dapeng LNG Corridor. Continue to promote the construction of Shenzhen natural gas trading center, build an important supporting platform for cross-border RMB trading and settlement of bulk energy commodities, and build Qianhai natural gas trade cluster. (Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Housing Construction Bureau, Transportation Bureau, Bureau of Commerce, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, Qianhai Administration Bureau, etc. are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

　　(6) Offshore wind power development project.Research and develop the next generation of high-capacity and high-protection offshore wind power converters, develop and research station-level coordinated control technology and the next generation autonomous energy management system, carry out technical research in the aspects of wind turbine state sensors and underwater robots, and support the research and development and application demonstration of intelligent operation and maintenance systems. Actively build an offshore wind power technology test platform, introduce offshore wind turbine equipment manufacturing enterprises, and improve the offshore wind power industry chain. Give full play to the advantages of Shenzhen marine engineering design, and lay out and develop far-reaching offshore floating wind power foundation and new wind turbines. Actively participate in the cooperative development of offshore wind power projects, carry out planning and research on the construction of offshore wind power transmission channels, and explore a new mode of direct supply of offshore wind power to Shenzhen. (Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Industry and Information Technology Bureau, Planning and Natural Resources Bureau, Transportation Bureau, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, Rural Revitalization and Exchange Bureau, Shenzhen-Shantou Special Cooperation Zone, etc. are responsible according to their division of responsibilities)

　　(7) hydrogen energy industry cultivation project.Relying on the colleges and universities in the city to build a hydrogen energy academy, we will carry out major technological breakthroughs in hydrogen energy and introduce and cultivate top talents. Support the further development of innovative carriers such as Guangdong Fuel Cell Stack Engineering Technology Research Center, Shenzhen Hydrogen Energy Safety Engineering Technology Research Center and Shenzhen Hydrogen Energy Key Laboratory. Plan to build a research platform for hydrogen energy standards, a public service platform for hydrogen energy testing and safety operation monitoring. Carry out green, efficient, low-cost and large-scale hydrogen production technology research, break through high-density and high-safety hydrogen storage technology, and lay out a number of technical research projects focusing on key materials and core components of the reactor. Research on the next generation hydrogen production technologies such as seawater hydrogen production, high temperature solid oxide electrolysis water hydrogen production and nuclear energy high temperature hydrogen production. Plan to build Shenzhen International Low Carbon City and Longhua Qiuyuling Hydrogen Energy Industrial Park, accelerate the pace of industrialization of advanced technologies and equipment, and moderately increase the industrial scale. Actively promote the application and demonstration of hydrogen energy in emerging and cross-cutting fields such as transportation, distributed power generation and unmanned aerial vehicles. (Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Education Bureau, Human Resources and Security Bureau, Market Supervision Bureau, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, Planning and Natural Resources Bureau, Transportation Bureau, Shenzhen Maritime Bureau, etc. are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

　　(eight) new energy development projects.Forward-looking layout of technology research and development and industrialization in emerging fields such as natural gas hydrate, geothermal energy and ocean energy. Support the construction of national deep-sea scientific research center, intelligent ocean engineering manufacturing innovation center, ocean engineering technology research institute, key laboratory of information physics intelligent perception and instrument, and comprehensive demonstration platform for geothermal energy development and application. Focus on geophysical exploration, drilling and completion, well site and environmental monitoring, trial production equipment security and other key links in the field of natural gas hydrate and geothermal energy to carry out technical research and support the development of marine energy comprehensive utilization technology and equipment. Encourage leading enterprises to expand into the whole chain business such as exploration, drilling, development, storage and transportation, service, etc., and build the headquarters gathering place for domestic emerging energy development and commercial operation. On the premise of development conditions and taking into account economic benefits, support the pilot project of geothermal energy comprehensive energy utilization and explore the development of marine energy power generation projects. (Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Planning and Natural Resources Bureau, State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, etc. are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

　　V. Spatial layout

　　Focus on advanced nuclear energy, smart grid, new energy storage, natural gas and other advantageous fields, give full play to the traction role of leading enterprises in Futian, Longgang, Dapeng and other regions, vigorously cultivate "specialized and innovative" small and medium-sized enterprises, and promote the coordinated and high-quality development of the whole industrial chain. Focusing on renewable energy fields such as photovoltaic and offshore wind power, we will explore market applications to promote the development of industrial clusters, focus on expanding and strengthening new energy equipment manufacturing and producer services in Shenzhen-Shantou Special Cooperation Zone, encourage enterprises to actively explore domestic and foreign markets, and build a number of leading brands with international influence. Focusing on emerging energy industries such as hydrogen energy and geothermal energy, we will focus on building innovation platforms, industrial parks and application demonstrations in Longgang and Longhua, building a collaborative innovation system for Industry-University-Research, overcoming key core technologies, cultivating and developing emerging industrial clusters, and building a highland for the development of emerging energy industries.

　　VI. Safeguard measures

　　(1) Strengthen organization and coordination.Strengthen the overall coordination role of the municipal industrial authorities, promote departmental cooperation and linkage, and form a joint effort. All districts and relevant departments shall, according to the deployment of this action plan, clarify the objectives, tasks and implementation roadmap of their respective jurisdictions and departments, strengthen the implementation of responsibilities, do a good job in tracking services, and promote the smooth implementation of the action plan. [Municipal Development and Reform Commission, relevant departments directly under the municipal government, and districts (New District and Shenzhen-Shantou Special Cooperation Zone) shall be responsible according to the division of responsibilities]

　　(2) Strengthen land use security.Overall planning of new energy industrial land, land preparation and other ways to revitalize inefficient old industrial areas, increase the supply of high-quality industrial land, and encourage priority to include new energy industrial development land in land use plans. Deepen the reform and innovation of the inter-regional dynamic balance system and mechanism of land supply, and strengthen the establishment and improvement of the cooperation mechanism between land supply and demand with surrounding areas. [The Municipal Bureau of Planning and Natural Resources, the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, and all districts (New District, Shenzhen-Shantou Special Cooperation Zone) are responsible according to the division of responsibilities]

　　(3) Strengthen policy support.Implement the state’s tax incentives and subsidies for new energy development, and coordinate the existing financial funds to support the construction of R&D innovation platforms, key core technology research, and the development and application demonstration of the first (set) of major technical equipment. Study and formulate some measures to promote distributed photovoltaic power generation and related subsidy rules, and actively strive for policy reform pilots in the fields of new energy project approval, power dispatching and electricity price formulation. Encourage new energy infrastructure to use real estate investment trust funds (REITs) or special bonds to finance. (Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Finance Bureau, Shenzhen Taxation Bureau, etc. are responsible according to the division of responsibilities)

　　(4) Strengthen tracking and evaluation.Actively track the development of new energy industry, regularly evaluate the progress of action plan, check the implementation of action plan, analyze the implementation effect of action plan, and find and solve problems in time. Implement dynamic management of key projects and major projects, establish and update the directory list in time, improve the promotion mechanism, and ensure the smooth implementation of key projects and major projects.